Analysis And Modeling On Passengers Traffic Characteristics For Urban Rail Transit

Field data of passenger traffic characteristics about exit, entrance, transfer, waiting and boarding facilities etc. have been collected as the basic step in urban rail transit. From the point of individual and group passenger, the micro-characteristics and macro-characteristics were analyzed respectively. Then the models reflecting the corresponding characteristics were established.In the aspect of analyzing passengers' micro-characteristics, firstly, passengers' step frequencies, step size, walking speed characteristics were explored in urban rail transit stairs and passages with different slopes and the relationship models between them were established by taking advantage of data mining method. Following the models between pedestrian density and above basic characteristics was put forward, which can reflect the influence of pedestrian density on the basic characteristics of individuals. Secondly, after the characteristics analysis of choosing stairs or escalators by different passengers with different attributes, stepwise regression analysis method was employed in order to extract the key factors which can influence passengers' choices characteristic. Accordingly, the models of embodying passengers' stairs and escalators choice characteristics were set up. At last, in the light of field survey on walking characteristics of bi-direction passengers in urban rail transit passengers without central partition, the update rules of the cellular, which can reflect the passengers' micro-characteristics, were put forward and the cellular automata (CA) model based on the ant colony algorithms was established as well, and then the simulation of bi-direction passengers in urban rail transit passages were carried out.In the aspect of analyzing passengers' macro-characteristics, based on numerous field data of passenger flow, speed and density surveyed in urban rail transit passages and stairs, the traffic characteristics of passenger flows in the passages and on the stairs were analyzed and the relationship models between them were also established. In addition, according to field data of the passengers' distribution on the urban rail transit platforms, the distribution rules of passengers on urban rail transit platforms were analyzed and the critical factors influencing the distribution of passengers along the platform were selected too, and then the distribution model of waiting passengers on the platform was set up. Furthermore, in line with the field data of passengers boarding and alighting time, the passengers' characteristics of boarding and alighting were analyzed, and model reflecting the boarding and alighting characteristics was put forward, which based on the stratification phenomenon of the boarding and alighting passenger flow. After those studies, based on the field data of the outbound passengers surveyed at the exit of the platform, evolution process of crowding at the exits was analyzed, and the queuing mechanism of the outbound passengers at the exit stairs was studied. Finally, Level of Service (LOS) for the urban rail transit platform was investigated by using questionnaire survey method, which based on the concept of stating preferences and passengers' perceptions. Under the survey results, the membership curve of different LOS was drawn and the perceived LOS for the platform was classified into five levels based on the congestion level. Using linear interpolation, critical values of the pedestrian density corresponding to different LOS were calculated.