Theory And Methodology Of Relationship Between Urban Transportation And Land Use

There is a complicated relationship between urban transportation and land use. Practice in both China and overseas countries indicated that coordinating development of urban transportation and land use is of crucial importance for solving urban transportation problems and for making land use policies. Study on the relationship between urban transportation and land use is very helpful to realize urban sustainable development. In this dissertation, some theories and methodologies about the relationship between urban transportation and land use were proposed in accordance with the special characteristics of Chinese cities. This dissertation lays a solid theoretical foundation for urban transportation planning, traffic policy analysis, and urban spatial structure alteration.Firstly, previous studies on the relationship between urban transportation and land use in China and overseas countries were reviewed to provide helpful groundwork for this dissertation. Secondly, the interaction mechanism between urban transportation and land use was studied, from both macroscopic and microcosmic angles. According to interaction mechanism analysis, two key countermeasures that harmonize urban transportation with land use were proposed. One is to employ TOD (Transit-Oriented Development) Pattern to Chinese cities; the other is to optimize urban transportation structure by developing public transit system, especially the rail transit. Thirdly, the change pattern of land type and land price along urban rail transit was studied. An integrated model based on System Cloud Grey model and Markov chain was established to forecast the differentiation of land type along urban rail transit; meanwhile, another integrated model based on BP Neural Network and Markov chain was built to forecast real estate prices along urban rail transit. Rail transit 13 and Batong in Beijing and Rail transit 1 in Nanjing were taken as examples to illustrate the application of these two models. Fourthly, an optimization model for urban land use pattern and transportation structure was established, which can minimize the total travel time under certain restrictions of land and population. A new hybrid genetic algorithm was developed to solve the model. The calculation example based on the city zone of Chongqing showed the feasibility of the proposed model and algorithm. Lastly, a model based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was developed to give a better evaluation on the relationship between urban transportation and land use in Chinese cities. A series of evaluation indexes were proposed in accordance with the high-density development characteristics to make the model suited to Chinese cities. By applying the model to Beijing and 16 other cities, the regular pattern and key influence factors of the relationship between urban transportation and land use in Chinese cities were identified.The following are the main innovations of this dissertation:(1) A model of differential equations was built to illustrate the interaction mechanism between urban transportation and land use. By giving different value to model factors, the trend of the interaction process under different conditions was simulated. Therefore, the general law of interaction between urban transportation and land use was gained, which is very helpful to give appropriate countermeasures to coordinate them.(2) An integrated model based on System Cloud Grey model and Markov chain was established to forecast the spatial distribution of land type along urban rail transit. The model takes randomness of land type change into account; moreover, the model is available when statistics are scarce.(3) In view of inapplicability of Hedonic Price Model in forecasting real estate prices along urban rail transit in Chinese cities, an integrated forecasting model based on BP Neural Network and Markov chain was established. Using this model, the distribution pattern of real estate prices along urban rail transit can be forecasted exactly even if the statistics are scarce.(4) An optimization model for urban land use pattern and transportation structure was established, and a new hybrid genetic algorithm was developed to solve the model. The hybrid genetic algorithm overcomes shortcomings of traditional genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, and can obtain high-quality results with high efficiency.(5) A model based on DEA was proposed to evaluate the relationship between urban transportation and land use in Chinese cities. The model produces more accurate results than traditional methods do because it avoids determining the index weights. Furthermore, the key factors that influence the coordinating development of urban transportation and land use can be identified by the model.