The Study On Pricing Theories And Models Of Natural Gas Pipeline Transmission

21st century is the century of natural gas energy resources. According to the prediction by International Energy Agency, in the middle of this century, natural gas, which would overwhelm the petroleum and coal, will become the first largest energy resource in the world. Pipeline transmission is the main way for natural gas transportation. The rapid increase of natural gas demand has promoted the fast development of pipeline construction. Pipeline construction has the characteristics of high investment and high risk, which makes pipeline construction demonstrating the trait of natural monopoly, thus it can be seen obviously the price of natural gas pipeline transmission appears the characteristic of public pricing. Our current pipeline transmission pricing system adopts one-part pricing tariff, which fail to consider the problems of market segmentation, risk aversion etc. And the pricing can't fully reflect the stage characteristics of pipeline transmission. As the development of national economy, the reform of pipeline transmission price is imperative under the situation.In the life cycle of pipeline transmission, the length of pipeline, the density of pipeline network, the amount of participants in transmission market, the extent of government intervention and the saturation of pipeline transmission demand are all different in different developmental stages. Basing on the theory of life cycle and referring to the evolutions tracks of developed countries, this thesis gives a definition to the criterion on dividing the development stages of pipeline transmission, which includes four stages: Initial stage, expansion stage, mature stage and decline stage, and using theses as main line, researches the pricing problem of natural gas pipeline transmission in different stages.In the initial stage, the infrastructure, like pipeline, compressor station, gas storage etc. are still constructing or just has finished partly, pipeline distribution has not yet form network; natural gas market has small scale and few participants, the market regulation is imperfect, and investment risk is great; long-term contract is the main way for suppler and user to avoid the risk. At this moment, the most obvious characteristic in natural gas market is bundle operation and transmission (the same as our country's current situation). With the request of public pricing, the goal of which is to make the social welfare maximized. In economics, the basic condition of maximizing social welfare is that the marginal price equals to the marginal cost, but for the pipeline which has the absolute proportion of fixed cost to total cost, the marginal cost pricing (optimum pricing) will lead to the huge loss in the trade of transmission. In viewing of this problem, this paper proposes a method of Secondary Distribution Multiple Two-Part Tariff, and researches the development and evolvement processes of this pricing...