Study On Planning Methods Of Park-and-Ride Facility

Along with quick urbanization and motorization developing and the land resource lacking, urban areas of cities in China have been experiencing a significant increase in traffic congestion. The Park and Ride facility (P&R), a mode of transportation, is an increasingly popular traffic management tool to overcome traffic problems and achieve sustainable cities. The purpose of this paper is to establish a systematic and relatively perfect program that covers five aspects: layout patterns, demand estimation, facilities localization, evaluations and policies for the P&R system.Analyzing experience of P&R from other countries, this paper gives out the necessity and feasibility of P&R implemented in the metropolis of China. According to the facts of China, this paper considers the three most important components of location pattern of P&R: urban form, traffic mode, and road network structure as the major influencing factors. Based on the studies of future patterns and structures of the metropolis, this paper also defines three structural levels of P&R representing inter, intro, and local facility respectively. The research work of this paper will relay on the national natural science fund project"Research on the sustainable urban transportation system"(setial number:59838310) and"Research on key means about vehicles parking in cities under new situation"(setial number:50308005). Then, the paper is able to analyze the relationship among these structural levels and generates a more feasible theory on layout patterns of P&R system.In this paper, based on the view that P&R system not only provides parking spaces but also induces traveler's choice, a two-stage decision forecast analysis methods is proposed. All the factors that potentially impact the P&R demand can be cataloged into theses two stages. In the higher stage, the binary logit model (BL) is founded aiming to estimate P&R choice probability in region or traffic corridor according to random utility theory. In the lower stage, the P&R demand can be distributed among all P&R lots on the basis of availability of parking spaces and traveler's P&R lot choosing.With wardrop's user equilibrium and traveler's route choice principle, a demand equilibrium assignment model is presented and a solution algorithm for this model is intensively explored. Considering the lot's demand affected by its capacity, this paper proposes a user equilibrium assignment model with variable demand with a solution algorithm. Additionally, a combined mode split/traffic assignment model is founded based on a supernetwork including P&R network and automobile network.Since the P&R facilities have not existed in China, and also the'choice'travelers, so called car owners, are minority in view of international standards, a stated preference survey of car owners are undertaken at a number of important parking locations in Nanjing and at network. This paper analyzes the relationship among the respondents'behavior decision, the respondents'social characteristic, the trip purpose, and the attribute to congestion.How to find good location for park and ride facilities is another essential research field in consideration of planning park and ride system. For the reason of different facilities have different layout objectives, the strategy of optimum location is put forward.Based on the theories of the discrete location choice model and the network location choice model, this paper hypothesizes the serial relevant program analysis methods corresponding to different facility types. Therefore, a complete facility location choice model system of P&R system is included: a public transit or rail network P&R facilities optimization location model; a highway network P&R facilities optimization location model; a peripheral P&R facility optimization location model as well as a remote P&R facility optimization location model. A network flow interception problem (FIP) is developed to...