The Research On Accident Analysis In Vehicle-Pedestrian Collisions And Computer Simulation

The research on the pedestrian injury causation, injury pattern and distributions in vehicle traffic accidents and improvement of the vehicle design to reduce pedestrian injuries and economical loss is a challenge to vehicle safety community. The development of safer vehicle for pedestrian protection from which is related to following subjects: traffic injury epidemiology, accident analysis, impact biomechanics, and vehicle safety techniques. In China the pedestrian safety is still not only a serious social problem, but also an important technical issue to be urgently resolved.This study aims at identification of domestic road environment, traffic injuries and traffic mode by using the integrated method of accident analysis and computer simulation. After extensive accident investigation with collected data, the injury causations and factors relative to vehicle are determined. Based on the results of accident analysis, a real car-pedestrian accident is reconstructed by means of computer simulation. The main injury related parameters are calculated to predict and evaluate the risk of pedestrian injuries in the collisions. The parameters influencing the pedestrian dynamic response during the crash are studied. The main tasks are presented as follows:(1) The traffic accident data were collected from Wu-Jing hospital in Changsha. Accident investigation was carried out in terms of the occurrence of vehicle-pedestrian collisions in Changsha city area and the injury causation and mechanism of the pedestrians. It is found that the most frequently injured body segments are head and low extremities and injury mechanisms of different body segments were analysed. The distribution of injured body regions in the accidents was also compared with injury distributions found from other countries. Furthermore the injury severity is coded using AIS and GCS on the basis of the detailed clinical documents and the characteristics of injury severity is determined.(2) A database of pedestrian accident has been set up based on collected cases in Changsha area from 2000 to 2003. The information of pedestrian injurers and accident vehicles are described in terms of pedestrian age group, gender, injury location and severity as well as the type of the vehicles in the database, which traditionally is collected and documented separately by traffic authorities and hospital. The database...