Research Child-pedestrian Dynamic Response And Head Injury In Vehicle-pedestrian Collisions

In car to pedestrian accidents, pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users dueto short of protection measures, which lead to high frequency accidents on pedestrians.Pedestrians under15years old are one of the groups taking part in accidents. Childrenaccounts for18percents of the whole people but involved in one third of thepedestrian accidents. Statistical results show that head is the most frequently injuredbody of the children in the accidents, and usually the main cause leads to death.The purpose of the paper is to study the child pedestrian’s injury in collisions andthe dynamic response, and compared with adults, to distinguish between thedifference and to analysis of the reasons, through the reconstruction of real childrenaccidents and crash simulation.By using the MADYMO and PC-CRASH software, Three real accidents involved3children are reconstructed to understand the child head dynamic response, and injuryParameters closely related with child head injury are analyzed such as linear headacceleration, HIC value, head angular velocity and acceleration and relative impactvelocity and so on.In Pedestrian accidents, sedans， SUV and minivans, are common types ofpassenger cars. The types of passenger cars with children pedestrian collisionsimulation model were built. To Compare Children’s the dynamic response and headinjury in pedestrian collision with different types of passenger cars, through collisionsimulation. The analysis showed that the front geometrical shape of passenger carshas an obvious influence on children’s dynamic response and head injuries.Establishment of child pedestrians, adult pedestrians with sedans crashsimulation model were done to analyze the difference of dynamic response, headinjury and landing mode. The results showed that, due to adults are higher thanchildren’, adults head impact with middle of the windshield lower part and the child’shead collided with the middle part of the hood and caused larger adult pedestrians’HIC value. Because of the difference of landing models, children pedestrians got alarger HIC value.This study provides an effective approach and simulation method for research onhead injury of children pedestrians in accidents, Research results can be used forvehicle safety design for child pedestrian to provide certain theory reference basis.