Bird Impact Resistance Designing And Analyzing For Aircraft Typical Structures

With the development of high-speed performance at low altitude aircraft and highly effective work on protecting eco-environment engineering, the problem of bird strike has been becoming a hidden trouble which increasingly endangers the flight safe. The problem of aircraft structure bird strike has been brought to people's notice more and more. Great attention to anti-bird impact design of aircraft typical structures is paid by aircraft designers in all countries. Anti-bird impact research starts from test that is final and most effective verification method. But the full dimensional test is time-consuming, laborious and high cost. Due to the dispersal result of bird strike test, it is difficult to guide the structure design. Along with development of computer techniques and finite element theories, method which conjoins finite element numerical simulation and bird strike test has been growing up in engineering practice, which is applied to the anti-bird impact design.The airplane bird strike accidents are summed up and the characteristics and research methods of bird strike problem are summarized in this paper. According to the author's experience of military aircraft structure design for many years, aiming at mission section characteristic of the avion especially fighters, the target of composite structure and metal structure resist bird strike design was firstly discussed. The relatively specific design target was put forward, which beneficially complements the existing millitary and civil bird strike criterion. According to Chengdu Aircraft Industry Company's research on bird strike tests, the bird strike test methods, equipments and the windshield bird strike test of an aircraft were introduced particularly. Moreover test results were discussed and summarized. Based on bird strike test, making use of the basic theory of large deformation, viscoelasticity and contact-impact finite element analysis, arithmetic coupling Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH) with finite element was inducted in the way of aircraft structure simulation calculating for the first time in our country. Comparing to test results, this arithmetic was successfully validated in the bird strike numerical simulation. Related basic theory of the algorithm is elaborated. The bird strike simulation research on aircraft typical structures such as radome and leading edge of wing and empennage are conducted too and meaningful conclusions was obtained. Based on test and simulation of aircraft windshield, the anti-bird impact design guide line of aircraft typical structures for radome and leading edge of wing and empennage is discussed. Research conclusions of this article have reference value for new aircraft development.