Structural Design And Fabrication, Property Manipulation And Application Of Zero-dimensional And Related Advanced Nanostructures

As one of the important low-dimensional material systems, zero- dimensional (0-D) nano-material is pivotal to develop various nano-nanostructures. Although it has many virtues due to the confinement from three dimensions, simple 0-D nano-material is still lacking in enough fantastic physical properties to extend its application in wide multi-disciplinary fields. Therefore, it is a challenge to develop new methods or strategies to design and synthesize more advanced nano-structures with noble properties. In this dissertation, we focus on the structural design and fabrication of such advanced nanostructures based on 0-D nano-systems, and we also show some manipulation and application of such 0-D nanostructures.In Chapterâ… , we first introduced the applications of 0-D nanostructures in both nano-electronics and nano-biology fields briefly. Then we summarized the important features and general synthesis routes of advanced 0-D nanostructures. Lastly, the relationship between 0-D and other nanostructures was also discussed.In Chapterâ…¡, CdSe-Au heterostructure was synthesized at first and its peculiarly spectra were demonstrated. One general mechanism, phase separation and interface reaction, was proposed to synthesize the hetero-structural nanoparticles. The mechanism was further confirmed via series successful examples on the fabrication of several types of heterostructures, such as PbSe-Au, FePt-Au and Cu20-AuAg nanoparticles. The result provided a new approach to realize multicomponent structure and diversified property for 0-D nano-systems.In Chapterâ…¢, we revealed the method to construct the advanced 1-D nanostructures from 0-D NPs induced by extemai physical fields. First, various metal hollow nanoparticle chains were successfully synthesized through galvanic displacement reactions from Co nanoparticle chains, which were made up of Co nanoparticles according to magnetic field induced self-assembled process. Furthermore, the tunable length of chains could be manipulated by magnitude of the applied magnetic field and resulted in widely tunable ranges of their SPR spectra. Second, we demonstrated a new mothod to fabricate CdCl₂ nanotubes from CdSe/Te nanoparticles in o-dichlorobenzene under the radiation of UV lamp. A series of consecutive processes, including KirkendaU effect, light-induced dipole-dipole interaction and structural reconstruction, were considered as the contributions to the mechanism of this method. The result provided a new concept of constructing inorganic nanotubes in gentle ambience and also demonstrated that it was available to control both of the dimension and the configuration of advanced nanostructures simultaneously.In Chapterâ…£, two contents were presented. Using CdSe as an example, we first demonstrated a new method to fine control the photoluminescence properties within the nanometer accuracy. A reasonable model was also set up to clarify the mechanism of PL tuning process. Then we focused on the application of Au NPs in biology. Its size, concentration and surface effect on the cancer cell uptake was studied carefully and the best uptake conditions were found. Additionally, enhancement of radiation cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells by localized attachment of Au NPs was also explored.