Molecular Research On The Cellulase And Hemicellulase Of A Novel Cold-adaptive Marine Pencillium FS010

Marine microorganism is an important reproductive oceanic resources and gene pools. The microorganisms inhabiting in deep sea have a set of specific physiological mechanism to adapt to such an adverse environment of a low temperature, a high pressure, a high salt concentration and so on. In order to colonize habitats of low temperatures, marine microorganisms produce enzymes that are adapted to function at these extreme conditions. Enzymes from extremophiles (extremozymes) show activity and stability at extremes environmental conditions. Consequently, extremozymes have potential applications in biological catalysis and biotransformation.51 marine fungi were isolated from Yellow sea sediments (Chinese). A novel cold-adaptive celluolytic Penicillium strain FS010 was screened from these marine fungi. The marine fungus FS010 grew well ranging from 4 to 20 degrees C; the lower and upper temperature limits for growth were 0 and 37 degrees C. The vegetative mycelium of the strain FS010 in agar was white, whereas the aerial mycelium was dark green. The brush-like conidial head was developed from the aerial medium. Branching is an important feature for identifying Penicillium species. The branching pattern of FS010 is two-stage branched. The conidia are globose and greenish. Based on light-microscopy observations, the strain FS010 was preliminarily identified as Penicillium sp. To further identify the strain, the 18S rDNA gene and mitochondrion small subunit rDNA gene of strain FS010 were cloned and sequenced respectively. Sequence analysis indicated that the 18S rDNA and mitochondrion small subunit rDNA sequences of FS010 showed 99.0% identity to that of mesophilic P. chrysogenum. Based on conventional morphological and molecular identification, the strain was identified as Penicillium chrysogenum.