Studies On A Multifunctional Macro/Micro Moire Interferometer Measurement System And Its Applications

First of all, the fundamental theory of Moire Interferometry is elaborated. The carrier fringe technique is introduced. And the development status and background of Moire Interferometer in the world is introduced as well. Moreover, the application, research background and current research progress of Moire Interferometry are introduced.Based on the related investigations, Multifunctional Macro/Micro Moire Interferometer Measurement System with a lot of special advantages is developed. Multifunctional Macro/Micro Moire Interferometer Measurement System can be successfully used to measure both overall and local fields under various environments.The problems of three dimensional measurement are difficult to be solved in modern photomechanics are investigated. Simultaneous measurement of the 3-D displacement fields can be achieved by Multifunctional Macro/Micro Moire Interferometer And simultaneous measurement of 2-D(u,v) and 3-D(u,v,w) displacement fields can be performed by use of carrier fringe techniques. By means of a specially arranged Moire Interferometer, all the 3-D displacement component, u,v,w can be obtained simultaneously at real-time on one image plane, respectively. A kind of device of polarization phase shift is using in the Moire Interferometer, and this device improves measurement sensitivity. Multifunctional Macro/Micro Moire Interferometer Measurement System includes a compact high temperature oven and a compact low temperature oven as well as a six dimensional loading setup. A computer is used to collect and analyze the moire fringe patterns. The principles and functions of this system are discussed in detail in this dissertation.The above system is successfully employed to measure the residual strain of a miniature silicon velocity sensor. The experimental results showed that miniature silicon velocity sensor have initial stresses which is produced bymanufacture technology. The experiments provide very important results which can offer an assist to improve the manufacture technology in the national defense field.The above system is also applied to investigate the thermostrains of a new type of BGA package at such a low temperature as -40°C. The experimental results indicate that the mismatch of the temperature expansion coefficient between two parts jointed by the solder joints results in large shear strains in the solder joints at low temperature. The distributions of the average shear strains on the upper surface and the largest value of the shear strains are gained experimentally. These results are quite valuable for determining border-condition in the theoretical analysis and the numerical simulation. In addition, it is found that the strain distributions in the section plane is identical to those on the upper surface.The Shape Memory Alloys(SMAs) are a smart material. SMAs are widely used in micromechanical, medical instruments and aeronautical facilities. Their mechanical characteristics are the critical factors which will greatly influence their applications. In this dissertation the different mechanical characteristics of CuAINi single crystal shape memory alloys under different temperatures are experimentally studied by Multifunctional Macro/Micro Moire Interferometer Measurement System. The full-field deformation patterns during the martensitic transformation were recorded at both room temperature and high temperature. There are three types of loads. One is that the specimens were loaded by only uniaxial tension, the second is that the specimens were tensidly loaded at a temperature of 107°C, and the third is that the specimens were loaded by the temperature change from 25°C to 133°C. The invariant plane between the martensite and the parent phase is shown directly in these patterns. The experiments demonstrate that growth of the martensite is accomplished by the propagation of individual austenite-martensite interfaces. It is the first time to observe and record the evolution of matensite stripes on the surface of the specimen by Multifunctional Macro/Micro Moire Interferometer during loadingand unloading. The result is important to reveal the mechanism and process of stress-induced matensitic transformation.