| Molecular systematics has been invited into the phylogenetic study of plants, and widely used on all taxonomic categories with great application potential and theoretical significance. The genus Actinidia belonging to the Actinidiaceae family, is dioecious, perennial liane, and has become an important fruit resource native to China. While the present taxonomy of the genus Actinidia was mainly based on morphological characteristics, and caused some classification difficulties for certain species, which taxonomic positions were not decided yet. So far, the genus Actinidia has been found as the only angiosperm with strictly paternal inheritance of chloroplast, but maternal inheritance for mitochondria. In this study, the phylogenetic relationships of Actinidia were reviewed using molecular markers and sequencing techniques form three genomes included the nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondrion. The main achievements are as follow:1. Forty taxa of Actinidia and two closely related genera were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to determine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships within genus Actinidia, including 31 species, 9 varieties, and 13 cultivars of commercially important species A. chinensis and A. deliciosa. Twenty-two highly efficient primers prescreened from 144 oligonucleotide 10-base primers amplified total 220 polymorphic DNA bands and 180 polymorphic DNA bands within genus Actinidia, respectively . The RAPD diversity is high within the genus and more than 75% of the diversity resided among the taxa. Based on the RAPD data, cluster and cladistic analyses were performed using UPGMA clustering method with the NTSYS-pc 1.80c and Wagner, Mixed Parsimony Method with...
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