| The theories of complex systems and complexity are the sciences of 21st century, whose research method is another revolution for scientific methodology since modern times, and will provide people with new solutions to uncover the miracles of the nature. The researches needed for complex systems and complexity in natural phenomena, society, economy, polity, military, biology, management and engineering (especially aerospace engineering) impose a great challenge to the current theories and methods of modeling and simulation (M&S).While the novel Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) methodology, which is the hot topic today in M&S field, can fulfill the requirements. Based on the theories of complex systems and complexity, the paper has conducted research on ABMS methodology and problems relevant to the M&S of space operation and satellite systems, which are both complex systems. The purpose of the paper is to make ABMS become a perfect theory of M&S, which can instruct the research for complex systems.The provenance of complex systems and complexity was expatiated systematically. Moreover, the theories and methods for complex systems and complexity were also analyzed and summarized. From the views of ontology, epistemology and methodology the apprehension of complexity was also stated. In addition, the significance of M&S in the research of complex systems was emphasized and a research approach for complex systems was proposed. Based on the complexity theories, the complexities of space information system was analyzed and discussed.The ABMS is the uppermost and effective research methodology for complex systems. The basic thoughts, characteristics and application fields of ABMS were stated systematically. After that, a novel conceptual framework for ABMS was proposed creatively, which bounded the research contents of ABMS impliedly. The framework can be view as the evaluation framework for the ABMS system that has been existed. Thereafter, the agent, message, complex systems and agent-based simulation were defined and represented formally according to this framework. The methods of verification and validation for agent-based models were also discussed. What's more, the principles and steps, which should be followed by ABMS, were established.Agent-based modeling, including agent-based models framework and agent-based behavior modeling, were studied thoroughly by multi-formal methods. A 3-tier abstract models framework including entity, object and agent was proposed for agent-based modeling, and the concepts about entity, object, and agent were defined and represented by formal specifications. To model the behavior of agent in virtual environment, an agent-based behavior model including the autonomous behavior model and global interoperable behavior model was synthesized. In addition, the concepts relevant to behavior were defined formally. Based on the behavior model, the formal abstract mechanisms for synthetic and intelligent behavior including behavior aggregate and disaggregate; behavior specialization and generalization were analyzed. This gives the theoretical basis forrealizing the reusability and synthetic of complex behavior. Based on the research of behavior modeling, the early warning behavior of early warning satellite was modeled.According to the requirement of ABMS methodology, an agent-based modeling and distributed simulation software framework including basic simulation service models and agent-based simulation models was put forward firstly. Compared to the other simulation projects, the framework has many advantages, such as platform-independence, scalability, hierarchical, separation from modeling framework and simulation framework, etc.The features of the components and time management algorithm of the framework were described in outline. According to the framework, a prototype of agent-based distributed simulation environment, named as ADSimE (Agent-Based Distributed Simulation Environment) was implemented based on Java. The ADSimE takes full advantage of the idea of object-oriented design. Domain experts can carry through distributed simulation of all fields on ADSimE with great flexibility and simplicity.A communication system of the ADSimE was presented. The whole architecture of the communication system was also established. An agent-based communication framework including XML and KQML was proposed, which can enforce the communication between different agents, and benefit to the cooperation and collaboration between agents, enforce the flexibility and extensibility of the simulation system. The communication protocol between agents in the framework of communication system was based on KQML, and XML as a wrapper of the KQML messages.ABMS methodology was proposed to the uppermost and effective means for the M&S of satellite systems, including multi-satellite system and a single satellite system. The process of ABMS for multi-satellite systems was described firstly, hi addition, the modeling methods and simulation framework were also studied. The library of capabilities and algorithm for satellite agent model were developed to simulate the multi-satellite system. Therefore, a prototype system of agent-based simulation for anti-satellite operation demonstration, named ASSAO was developed based on ADSimE. The ABMS in the M&S of multi-satellite system was validated from the simulation of orbit dynamics, collision avoidance and anti-satellite operation. Researches were made to the M&S of a single satellite too. Two softwares, GN&C V1.0 for the design and simulation of GN&C subsystems of a satellite and SatComm V1.0 for the analysis and evaluation of communication payload&subsystem of a satellite, were developed based on the thoughts of ABMS.The features, details of how to implement and models of the two softwares were described in outline. The two softwares validated the ABMS in the research of M&S for a single satellite.
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