| On the basis of foreign documents, the dissertation firstly describes the morphology, taxonomy, and biological characters of cochineal insects. Then , by using artificial climate cases in the lab, according to orthogonal design , 8 lands of combinations of temperature, humidity and light is set, while the temperature has four levels: 15 , 20 , 25 and 30 , and the relative humidity has two levels: 60% and 80%, while the light also has two levels: 980 lux and 60 lux. Through observations and analysis of hatching percentage, survival percentage of the first instar and during from the second instar to the adult, the population tendency index, generation life cycle, size and eggs of female adult, the development of the cochineal under different conditions is studied. Then , through mathematical statistics analysis, the influence of temperature, humidity and light to the cochineal is analyzed and the optimal conditions for cultivating the cochineal in the room is screened out. The results also will provide certain documents to wild cultivation of the cochineal. Through cultivating the cochineal in 4 counties which belonging to tropical, south sub-tropical and mid sub-tropical zones, the life tables of the cochineal in each county are established and the survival percentage of each stage as well as the key factor of death in each climate type is studied. In the meantime, the sample of the cochineal of each county is collected to test the size, eggs and weight, through comparing these biological index, the best zones, better zones and other zones for cultivation of the cochineal are pointed out. On the basis of above study, the zones for cultivating the cochineal are marked out in YunNan province. The samples of cactus which is the host of cochineal insects in 10 counties of YunNan and GuiZhou province are collected and the cochineal female adults are cultivated on them to test the influence of host species to the development of the cochineal. The samples of different cactus are dissected and the anatomical structure are compared as well as the nutritional compositions are analyzed to study the relation between the cochineal and its hosts. Through the investigation of the number of the cochineal female adults on different age of cladodes of cactus, the optimal age cladodes of cactus to the cochineal is analyzed. The experiments of the optimal number of the cochineal female adults for propagation and cultivatingthe insect in the room and under shade in tropical zones are carried out to explore the laying number of the female adults and the cultivating methods in tropical zones. The main conclusions include:1) Among the non-biological factors, temperature is the most important factor that influence the development of the cochineal insect, the insect cannot finish life cycle under 15 associated conditions in spite of a few of egg can hatch, while at associated conditions of temperatures 20 , 25 , 30 , the insect can finish life cycle, but comparing from the amount of eggs , generation tendency indexes and the sizes of the female adults, 25 associated conditions are the best.2) While at suitable temperatures, 60-80% relative humidity is suited for cultivating the cochineal insect, and comparing from the size and eggs of the female adults, high relative humidity is more suited for the cultivation of the insect.3) The cochineal insect can develop well when the light is 601ux to 9801ux while the temperature and humidity are at suitable levels. Comparing from the population tendency index, the index is larger under weaker light.4) The cochineal can finish life cycle under tropical, south sub-tropical and mid sub-tropical zones, but the cultivated female adults of these zones are much more different. While under tropical zones, the size of the adults is the smallest, the eggs is the least and weight is the lightest, according to the results of statistical analysis, the female adults have distinct difference with adults cultivated under south sub-tropical and mid sub-tropical zones. The cochineal...
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