Application Of Proton Diagnosis In High Energy Density Plasma Physics

Proton diagnosis technique is the frontier technology for the diagnosis of high energy density plasma physics. It is of great significance and has practical application value for high field physics and laser driven nuclear fusion. For the investigation of high energy density physics based on the laser technology, the information of the plasma, such as the properties of laser accelerated proton and the areal density of laser driven plasma, could be obtained by the diagnosis of the protons produced by the object. On the other hand, the laser accelerated protons could be used as a diagnosis beam to diagnose the electric field and magnetic field in the high energy density plasma. For the diagnosis of the high energy density plasma physics, the laser accelerated proton beam quality optimization and several proton diagnosis methods are investigated.For the diagnosis of the laser accelerated proton beam, the diagnosis method and devices are introduced. A Thomson spectrometry which could diagnosis proton with energy of0.1-20MeV is designed. The wider proton spectrum diagnosis is achieved by the design of the magnet structure and the detector array. It was used in the laser proton acceleration experiment at the SGIII laser facility for the first time and the spectrum signals of several kinds of ions are gained.In order to realize more application and do regularity study of the proton diagnosis technique, the laser accelerated proton beam quality optimization methods based on the traditional accelerator technology are investigated. The proton spectrum optimization by magnetic quadrupole doublet and RF cavity are analysed. The method based on magnetic quadrupole doublet could obtain relatively enhanced monoenergetic protons, and the method based on RF cavity could obtain absolutely enhanced monoenergetic protons. For the high collection effect of the solenoid and the absolutely monoenergetic protons enhancement by the RF cavity, a new method of laser produced proton beam collimation and spectrum compression using the combination of a solenoid field and a RF cavity is proposed. Bases on this, a content of ’photoanode’ proton source is proposed. The energy of the proton source could be adjusted.As an active proton diagnosis method, the proton radiography technique is investigated. The contept of ’chirp pulse protons’ radiography is proposed for the laser accelerated proton with wide spectrum. Two time-resolved radiography methods are presented. The first one is ’proton framing radiography’, and the second one is ’proton streak radiography’. Two-dimensional spatial resolution could be obtained for the proton framing radiography, however, as the high energy protons could deposit energy in the front RCF layers, the picture would be blurred. For the proton streak radiography, only one dimensional spatial resolution could obtained, however, the spatial resolution is better than the proton framing radiography as there wasn’t blur by high energy protons. For the diagnosis of the implosion progress, the influence of proton parameters, such as the number and energy, on the radiography of the implosion progress is analysed. The proton radiography of the solitons is investiagted using Monte Carlo methods. The proton framsing radiography is proposed for the diagnosis of the evolvement progress of the soliton, and the evolvement velocity of the solition could be deduced by the result of the proton radiography. The proton radiography of the coil magnetic field is proposed for the first time. The inner radius of the proton radiography picture could be used to estimate the intensity of the coil current and the magnetic field. For the comparison of the proton radiography and electron radiography, the proton radiography could only be take place by the electron radiography when the energy is large enough or for the diagnosis of electric field and magnetic field.The areal density of the fuel and the compression symmetry are the critical factors for the ignition in inertial confinement fusion. For the diagnosis of the fuel shell areal at low proton yield, the The proton track size and the proton deflection position in the magnetic spectrometer are both used for the judgement of the proton signal. To gain high resolution at low proton yield, proton emission imaging by magnetic lens for hot spot measurement is proposed. A miniature magnetic quadrupole lens is designed and the simulation of the imaging is also complete. This method has higher spatial resolution than coded imaging with the same proton yield. The required proton yield is reduced as the increase of the collection angle.