Exploring The Mechanism Of Action Of Xiaoyinglingshui Pills In The Treatment Of Thyroid Nodules Based On Network Pharmacolog

Purpose: A visual analysis of the literature on thyroid nodule(TN)treatment using bibliometric methods was conducted to explore the development,current status,hot spots and trends in this field,with a view to providing references for subsequent studies.To investigate the potential pharmacological mechanism of action of the in-hospital formulation of Xiaoying Lingshui Pills for the treatment of TN using a network pharmacology approach to provide a scientific basis for subsequent studies.Material and method:Part Ⅰ: Using bibliometric methods to explore visualization studies of Chinese medicine for TN.Searching the Chinese journal databases of China Knowledge Network(CNKI),Wanfang(Wanfang),Chongqing Vip(VIP)and Web of Science english database for literature related to the treatment of TN in Chinese medicine from January 1,1992 to December 31,2022.Note Express 3.7 software was used to screen and check the initial literature.Using Excel to create a line chart of annual issuance.Finally,the data was imported into Cite Space 5.8.R3 software to plot author,institution and keyword related graphs for visual analysis.Part Ⅱ: Xiaoying Lingshui Pills treatment of network pharmacology study TN.Using TCMSP,Chinese traditional medicine and chemical composition database collect Xiaoying Lingshui Pills contains drug active ingredient;Using TCMSP,Swiss ADME,Swiss Target Prediction database collect ingredients targets;Use of Gene Cards,NCBI,Dis Genet,OMIM database collect TN targets;Intersection analysis was performed using Venny 2.1.0 software;Using STRING protein-protein interaction(PPI)network construction;Bioinformatics analysis using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software to establish the bioinformatics model of Chinese herbal compound-active ingredient-target;Using Metascape GO,KEGG enrichment analysis;The target and component structures were obtained from the PDB and TCMSP databases and molecularly docked using Autodock Vina software.Results:Part Ⅰ: A total of 636 Chinese publications were included,and the author with the highest number of publications was Zuo Xinhe from Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(12),forming a team of research experts represented by Zuo Xinhe,Du Likun and Ni Qing,among which Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was the research institution with the highest number of publications(21).Keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis show that research hotspots in TCM for TN are mainly focused on treatment methods,clinical efficacy,and types of research;timeline plots and emergent word analysis show that the clusters represented by #0 Thyroid Nodules,#1 Famous Doctor’s Experience,and #7Traditional Chinese Medicine span a relatively long period of time and are hotspots of continued research interest in this area,with data mining,network pharmacology,and mechanisms of action being hot research trends in recent years.Six articles were included in the English language literature,with the main focus on the period 2018-2022,the most published authors were not identified,and the most published institution was the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine with three articles;the studies were mainly reviews,efficacy observations and meta-analyses of herbal medicine,acupuncture and combined Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of TN.Part Ⅱ: A total of 127 active ingredients,322 potential targets of Xiaoying Lingshui pills and 3020 TN targets were screened out.178 intersection targets were obtained.GO enrichment analysis yielded: 1947 biological processes,112 cellular compositions and 195 molecular functions and KEGG analysis yielded 204 pathways.The main active ingredients are: quercetin,kaempferol,lignan,β-sitosterol,etc.Key targets are: MAPK1,STAT3,TP53,AKT,JUN,TNF,RELA,etc.Major pathways include: PI3K/AK,JAK/STAT,MAPK,AGE-RAGE,TNF and other signalling pathways.The molecular docking results showed that the stable binding of the main active ingredients and key targets of Xiaoying Lingshui Pills for the treatment of TN.Conclusion:1.The field of Chinese medicine for the treatment of TN has developed steadily with a wide range of research,of which the laws of medication,mechanisms of action and network pharmacology are currently the main research hotspots in this field.2.Xiaoying Lingshui Pills is a multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway treatment for TN.The mechanisms may involve the inflammatory response,immune regulation,and apoptosis.