Analysis Of Intestinal Flora Characteristics In Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Qi And Yin Deficiency And Phlegm-dampness Syndrom

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the compositional differences of gut microbiota between obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with qi-yin deficiency and phlegm-damp syndrome and the normal population,in order to discover their unique microbiota structure characteristics,representative bacterial species and related potential metabolic pathways.Material and method: In this study,20 obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with qi-yin deficiency and phlegm-damp syndrome from March 2021 to October 2021 in the Endocrinology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the observation group;healthy volunteers were recruited in Shenyang at the same time.,19 volunteers who matched the gender and age of the observation group were selected as the normal control group（referred to as the normal group）,and stool samples were collected.The general information and TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were compared,and DNA was extracted from stool samples to build a library.16 S r DNA was used to carry out PCR amplification and high-performance sequencing analysis of the conserved regions of the universal V3-V4 target region.The composition and microbiota metabolic pathways were analyzed and compared.Results:1.A total of 957 sequence sets（OTUs）were obtained in this study.Both the species dilution curve and the rank abundance curve indicated that the sample size collected in this study was sufficient.2.At the phylum level,the flora species composition and differences between the two groups were dominated by Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria,and Actinobacteria,but there was no significant difference between the two groups（P>0.05）.;At the family level,Lachnospiraceae,Ruminobacteriaceae,Enterobacteriaceae,Bacteroidellacea e,Bifidobacterium,Veillonella,Akkermantaceae,Erysipothriaceae,Prevot The relative a bundance of Erysipelas in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the normal group（P<0.05）;at the genus level,Faecalibacterium,Escherichia Helicobacter,Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium,Blautella,Akkermansia,rare Pediococcus,Macromonas,Ruminococcus Twisted,Alternaria,etc.The relative abundance of Megamonas in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the normal group（P<0.05）,and the relative abundance of Alternaria was significantly lower than that in the normal group（P<0.05）.3.The results of Alpha diversity index analysis showed that all indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the normal group,and the differences in sobs,Chao1,ACE,Shannon,and Pielou’s evenness indexes were statistically significant（P<0.05）,but there was no difference in Simpson and PD-whole tree indexes.Statistical s ignificance（P>0.05）.4.Beta diversity analysis uses different algorithms（including UPGMA clustering tree,PCo A analysis）,and the results show that there are certain differences in the composition and structure of the two groups of intestinal flora.Statistical significance（P<0.05）.5.LEfSe analysis combined with random forest analysis found that the different species with significant effects in the observation group were Megamonas,Bacteroides fragilis,Bacteroides_stercoris_ATCC₄3183,Lactobacillus rumensis,Lachnospira.6.Spearman correlation analysis found that the score of Qi-yin deficiency with phleg m-dampness was positively correlated with the abundance of Monomonas and Macrom onas（P<0.05）;The abundances of Coccus,Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014,Prevotella₂,Bacteroides_stercoris_ATCC₄3183,Lactococcus_garvieae_subsp_garvieae were negatively correlated（P<0.05）.7.Functional prediction analysis showed that the difference between the two groups and the normal group was significant in metabolic pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,cofactor and vitamin metabolism（P<0.05）.Conclusion:1.Compared with healthy people,obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with qi-yin deficiency and phlegm-damp syndrome have different degrees of decrease in the diversity of bacterial flora,and there are also certain differences in the uniformity,richness and community composition of bacterial flora.2.Megamonas,Bacteroides fragilis,Bacteroides_stercoris_ATCC₄3183,Lactobacillus rumenum,Lachnospira can be used as key biomarkers for obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus with qi-yin deficiency and phlegm-dampness syndrome.3.There are differences in functional metabolic pathways in the intestinal flora of obese type 2 diabetes patients with qi-yin deficiency and phlegm-damp syndrome and healthy people,and the differences in metabolic pathways are the most significant.