Study On The Difference Of Ancient And Modern Usage Of Aconite And Aconitum In Zhongjing's Prescriptions Based On Alkaloid And Polysaccharide Conten

ObjectiveCurrent clinic use radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconite,which references the experience of Zhang Zhongjing and Zhang Zhongjing use the dose of radix aconiti carmichaeli is one.Now no one has studied the difference between Zhang Zhongjing used Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and nowadays uses Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli.According to project prophase studied Zhang Zhongjing "gun" processsing technology of Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli to study the difference of alkaloid and polysaccharides content between Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli and its processed products and Zhang Zhongjing used Nanyang and processed products of radix aconiti carmichaeli by organic solvent and water extraction.Through feature maps evaluate overall difference between the Jiangyou processed and unprocessed products of radix aconiti carmichaeli and Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and its processed product.Through orthogonal test to use the decoction condition of Nanyang unprocessed and processed radix aconiti carmichaeli to explore the differences of 6 kinds alkaloid content.With Nanyang unprocessed and processed radix aconiti carmichaeli to explore alkaloid content changes during the decoction process and inquire the connotation of Zhang Zhongjing decoction time.Through the alkaloid and polysaccharide content of Nangyang and Jangyou radix aconiti and radix aconiti carmichaeli to explore the differences between radix aconiti and radix aconiti carmichaeli.Through the processing of decocting between radix aconiti and radix aconiti carmichaeli to explore the difference change of them.Through measure the content of alkaloids and polysaccharide from different parts of the Nanyang radix aconiti to explore the connotation of Zhang Zhongjing chose the medicinal part.Methods1.We used the HPLC to measure organic solvent and water extract in Jiangyou and Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and its processed products,comparing alkaloid content differences.2.By the method of HPLC to evaluate the similarity and the overall difference of organic solvent and water extract in Jiangyou unprocessed and processed products and Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and its processed product.3.According to Zhang Zhongjing decocted condition method we use the HPLC to orthogonal experiment and explore the differences of alkaloid content.4.According to decoction process of Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconiti to determinate the changes of alkaloid content and pH by HPLC.5.To explore the differences of alkaloid and polysaccharide content in Nanyang different parts of the radix aconiti by HPLC and ultraviolet spectrophotometer.6.Using ultraviolet spectrophotometer,we determinate to explore the differences of polysaccharide content by organic solvent and water extract in Jiangyou and Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli processed and unprocessed products.ResultsAccording to organic solvent extract alkaloid content proportion,the dose radix aconiti carmichaeli of Nanyang than Jiangyou is equal to 1:4.Then put 1:4 dose into the water decoction,the result was Nanyang than Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli proportion is 1:4.So in actual decoction about 16 times(23g)dose of Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli and Nanyang one radix aconiti carmichaeli with the same alkaloid content.According to organic solvent extract alkaloid content proportion,Nanyang processed radix aconiti carmichaeli:Jiangyou Heishunpian:Jiangyou Baifupian:Jangyou Danfupian:Jangyou Paofupian:Jiangyou"Pao" fuzi equal to 1:25:25:25:25:2,Then put the proportion into water decoction,the actually measured dose proportion,Nanyang processed radix aconiti carmichaeli:Jiangyou Heishunpian:Jiangyou Baifupian:Jiangyou Danfupian:Jiangyou Paofupian:Jiangyou "Pao" fuzi equal to 1:13:14:14:10:2.So in the actual decoction,Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli about 250 times(500g)and Nanyang one processed with the same alkaloid content.Through feature maps found that processed and unprocessed Nanyang and Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli have big differences on the whole,but also found that Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli after Zhang Zhongjing "gun" processing method is close to Zhang Zhongjing Nanyang processed radix aconiti carmichaeli.Therefore Jiangyou 8 g radix aconiti carmichaeli is equal to Nanyang one processed radix aconiti carmichaeli with the same alkaloid content.Therefore,it is important to consider to use "gun" processing method to replace the over processed Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli processed products.Research on the decoction method of radix aconiti carmichaeli of Zhang Zhongjing,Use a normal radix aconiti carmichaeli,decoction ratio is 0.3,adding water is 300 ml.At this water decoction method monoester alkaloidcontent in the highest,Through dynamic decoction experiment in the radix aconiti carmichaeli decoction 30 minutes,monoester alkaloid content increased rapidly.Maybe this time have good back to save inverse Yang function.For Nanyang processed radix aconiti carmichaeli,Zhang Zhongjing in clinic used a normal radix aconiti carmichaeli,decoction ratio is 0.4,adding water is 500 ml.The double ester alkaloid content in the highest level.Through dynamic decoction experiment has proved that the processed radix aconiti carmichaeli decocted in 40 minutes,the ester alkaloids content of it might have good temperature in the body.The polysaccharide content in radix aconiti carmichaeli of Nanyang and Jiangyou is differenct.Organic solvent extracted polysaccharide dose rate,Nanyang than Jiangyou is equal to 1:1.07.Nanyang processed radix aconiti carmichaeli Jiangyou Heishunpian:Jiangyou Baifupian Jiangyou Danfupian:Jiangyou Paofupian:Jiangyou "Pao" fuzi equal tol:0.53:0.78:1.04:0.59:0.65.Water extracted polysaccharide dose rate,Nanyang than Jiangyou is equal to 1:0.91.Nanyang processed radix aconiti carmichaeli:Jiangyou Heishunpian:Jiangyou Baifupian:Jiangyou Danfupian:Jiangyou Paofupian:Jiangyou "Pao" fuzi equal to1:1.33:1.36:1.81:1.40:1.51.Analysis the causes of differences may be related to the growth of environment and extracting solvent.So in the actual clinical decoction,Nanyang one unprocessed is equal to Jiangyou 3g radix aconiti carmichaeli with the same polysaccharide content.The Nanyang one processed is equal to Jiangyou 5g radix aconiti carmichaeli with the same polysaccharide content.Jiangyou 3g radix aconiti carmichaeli after "gun" method processing have the same polysaccharide content with Nanyang one processed.Comparing the differences in alkaloids and polysaccharides content in Nanyang and Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconite.The experiment results shows that the differences in environment causes the content of alkaloids in Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconiti above Jiangyou.But the contents of polysaccharide in Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconiti below Jiangyou by organic solvent extraction.While the contents of polysaccharide in Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconiti higher than Jiangyou by water extraction.During decoction process shows the different change rule because of the alkaloids content is unlike.Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconiti in water decoction on double ester alkaloids content is nearly 56 times,and Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconite on double ester alkaloids content is about 15 times.So this is Zhang Zhongjing clearly differently use one radix aconiti carmichaeli and five radix aconiti in clinic.The difference need to futher study.Nanyang wild radix aconiti whole plant differenet parts on alkaloid content order is radix aconiti carmichaeli,radix aconiti,fibrous root and floor section part.The polysaccharide content order is radix aconiti carmichaeli,fibrous root,radix aconiti and floor section part.Because fibrous root is one part of radix aconiti carmichaeli,so its polysaccharide content is higher than radix aconiti.So it is important to study the fibrous root and floor section part and investigate whether ZhangZhongjing use them for medicinal part.ConclusionThrough the experiment find that there is widely different in alkaloid and polysaccharide content between Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli and Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli.In the organic solvent extraction and water decoction is more different,but water decoction is more losely to the clinical practice.The study found that the alkaloid content of Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli more than Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli 16 times,polysaccharide content is equal.But now clinic does not use unprocessed radix aconiti carmichaeli as medicine.The study found that alkaloids content in Nanyang unprocessed radix aconiti carmichaeli and Jiangyou varieties of processed is 250 times as much,polysaccharide content in water decoction is close.Zhang Zhongjing "gun" method as a kind of new method,the operation is simple.Jangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli after "gun" method is close to Nanyang processed radix aconiti carmichaeli difference.2015 edition of pharmacopoeia double ester alkaloids content less than 0.010%,but in Nanyang after "gun" method of radix aconiti carmichaeli double ester alkaloids content is significantly higher than 0.010%.because of the growing environment causes the alkaloid and polysaccharide content is different,so it needs to further study on Zhang Zhongjing "gun" method.By studying Zhang Zhongjing decoction method,we found that Zhang Zhongjing decoction without first decocted,radix aconiti carmichaeli decocted with most single,double ester alkaloids.Through literature found that Zhang Zhongjing use radix aconiti carmichaeli is security.It is not only the radix aconiti carmichaeli decoction,also lies in its compatibility,syndrome different treatment,the numerous "typhoid fever" environment to reduce the poison.Zhang Zhongjing use radix aconiti carmichaeli and radix aconiti without other parts may be because of other parts alkaloid and polysaccharide content is small and poor proportion.This experiment uses chemistry to explain the difference of Nanyang and Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli.Today a large number of clinic reference to the use of experience of radix aconiti carmichaeli in Zhang Zhongjing prescriptions.So it is need to use pharmacology,chemistry to guide clinic use radix aconiti carmichaeli experience of Zhang Zhongjing and process Jiangyou radix aconiti carmichaeli instead of Nanyang radix aconiti carmichaeli.