| Objective(s):1.To explore the distribution of different regional Relative Peripheral Refraction(RPR)of pre-myopia and myopia children.2.To assess the relationship between RPR changes and the growth rate of Axial Length(AL)of pre-myopia and myopia children.Methods:We did a prospective cohort study and recruited a total of 171 pre-myopia and myopia children(including 104 pre-myopia and 67 myopia children),from The First Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from December 2020 to December 2022.Our study aimed to measure different regional Relative Peripheral Refraction,Axial Length and Spherical Equivalent,at baseline,6 and 12 months.The Total Relative Peripheral Refraction(TRPR)were divided into three parts:RPR In the Visual Field From 0° To 15°(RPR015),RPR In the Visual Field From 15° To 30°(RPR1530)and RPR In the Visual Field From 30° To 45°(RPR3045),according to the distance from macular.Also,The TRPR can be divided into four parts:RPR In the Superior Quadrant(RPRS),RPR In the Inferior Quadrant(RPRI),RPR In the Nasal Quadrant(RPRN),RPR In the Temporal Quadrant(RPRT).To avoid the correlation of both eyes’ growth and development on one child,we only analyzed the data from the right eye.The children were divided into two groups based on the right eye AL changes at 12 months.104 Pre-myopia children were divided into slow Progressive group(AL changes of the right eye<0.20mm)and fast Progressive group(AL changes of the right eye≥ 0.20mm).67 myopia children were divided into slow Progressive group(AL changes of the right eye<0.33mm)and fast Progressive group(AL changes of the right eye≥0.33mm.We compared the differences of Age,gender,SE,AL,RPR015,RPR1530,RPR3045,TRPR,RPRS,RPRI,RPRT,RPRN between two groups.Used Multiple linear regression to analyze the correlation between RPR and AL changes.Results:1.The baseline RPR study showed that the mean TRPR was higher in myopia children than in pre-myopia myopic children(0.50 ± 0.38 D vs 0.32 ± 0.36 D,p=0.001),as SE decreased,the TRPR became more hyperopic.The TRPR was predominantly hyperopic in both pre-myopia and myopia children(83.9%vs 91.9%).The values of RPR015,RPR1530 and RPR3045 were(0.01 ±0.04 D,0.17±0.30 D,0.42±0.48 D vs 0.04±0.06 D,0.34±0.33 D,0.6±0.41 D)among pre-myopia and myopia children,and the values distribution was consistent.As the distance from macular increased,the value became more hyperopic(RPR3045>RPR1530>RPR015).And there were significant statistically differences between the pre-myopia and myopia children in the values of RPR015,RPR1530,and RPR3045(p=0.001,<0.001,and 0.006),indicating that RPR015,RPR1530,and RPR3045 all increased as SE decreased.In addition,the values of RPRS,RPRI,RPRT and RPRN were(0.15±0.81 D,0.18±0.95 D,0.46±0.78 D,0.61 ±0.94 D vs.0.32±0.68 D,0.39±0.8 D,0.59±0.65 D,0.78±0.76 D)among pre-myopia and myopia children,and the values distribution was consistent,RPRN>RPRT>RPRI>RPRS.And there were not statistically differences between the pre-myopia and myopia children in the values of RPRS,RPRI,RPRT and RPRN(p=0.127,0.115,0.223,0.204).2.In pre-myopia children,there were not statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group(p>0.05)in different regional RPR baseline.But at 12 months,there were statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group in RPR015 and RPR1530(0.00±0.02 D vs 0.02±0.03D,p<0.001;-0.03±0.23 vs 0.19±0.29,p<0.001).indicating that both RPR015 and RPR1530 were greater in the fast progression group than the slow progression group.While there were not statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group(p>0.05)in RPR3045,RPRS,RPRI,RPRT and RPRN.In addition,there were statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group in RPR015 changes and RPR1530 changes(-0.02±0.06 D vs 0.01±0.04D,p<0.001;-0.22±0.33 vs 0.05±0.09,p<0.001).indicating that both RPR015 changes and RPR1530 changes were greater in the slow progression group than the fast progression group.Multiple linear regression results showed that AL changes was significantly correlated with baseline age and RPR1530 changes,and the regression equation was:AL changes(Y)=0.4460.021*baseline age+0.417*RPR1530 changes,with a regression equation F value of 40.189,p<0.001.In myopia children,there were not statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group(p>0.05)in different regional RPR baseline.But at 12 months,there was statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group in RPR1530(0.34±0.30 D vs 0.50±0.39D,p=0.043).indicating that RPR1530 were greater in the fast progression group than the slow progression group.While there were not statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group(p>0.05)in RPR015,RPR3045,RPRS,RPRI,RPRT and RPRN.In addition,there were statistically differences between the slow progression group and the fast progression group in RPR1530 changes(0.03±0.22 D vs 0.14±0.03D,p=0.004).indicating that RPR1530 changes were greater in the fast progression group than the slow progression group.Multiple linear regression results showed that AL changes was significantly correlated with baseline age and RPR1530 changes,and the regression equation was:AL changes(Y)=0.631-0.033*baseline age+0.336*RPR1530 changes,with a regression equation F value of 22.470,p<0.001.Conclusion(s):1.The baseline RPR was predominantly hyperopic in both pre-myopia and myopia children,as SE decreased,the TRPR became more hyperopic,and as the distance from macular increased,the RPR average became more hyperopic.But there were not statistically differences between the pre-myopia and myopia children in the values of RPRS,RPRI,RPRT and RPRN.2.In pre-myopia and myopia children,AL changes was significantly negatively correlated with the baseline age,and positively correlated with RPR1530 changes,but not with RPR015 changes and RPR3045 changes.Age and RPR1530 changes were independent factors affecting AL changes. |
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