Development And Preliminary Application Of The Assessment Tool For Workplace Violence Management Ability Of Psychiatric Nurses Based On Crisis Management Theory

Objective1.On the basic of the crisis management theory,a self-assessment scale of workplace violence management ability for psychiatric nurses was developed and tested for its reliability and validity.2.To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of psychiatric nurses’ ability to manage workplace violence.Method1.According to the crisis management theory,a level I theoretical framework and a semi-structured interview outline of the questionnaire were constructed on the basis of literature review,and the dimensions and entry pool of the scale of workplace violence management ability of psychiatric nurses were preliminarily formed through semi-structured interviews with 5 psychiatric nursing experts and 10 psychiatric nurses who had experienced workplace violence incidents.2.The Delphi method was used to recruit 34 experts from 10 Level 3 Grade A hospitals in Beijing,Guangdong,Anhui,Chongqing and Hebei provinces.The items of the scale were modified and screened through two rounds of expert correspondence consultation.A total of 24 psychiatric nurses were selected for three rounds of cognitive interviews,and the scale was further improved to form the first version of workplace violence management ability scale for psychiatric nurses.3.A total of 1012 psychiatric nurses from Guangdong Psychiatric Hospital from May 2022 to September 2022 were selected by convenience sampling method,and an online questionnaire survey was conducted using the first version of the workplace violence Management Ability Scale for psychiatric nurses.Items of the scale were screened through item analysis.Structural validity and content validity were used for validity evaluation,and internal consistency analysis and retest reliability were used for reliability evaluation.4.A total of 320 psychiatric nurses working in Guangdong Psychiatric Hospital from October 2022 to November 2022 were selected by convenience sampling method.The online questionnaire survey was conducted with the Psychiatric Nurses’ Workplace Violence Management Ability Scale.Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the current status and influencing factors of psychiatric nurses’ workplace violence management ability.Result1.In this study,a 47-item workplace violence management ability scale for psychiatric nurses was finally had been developed,including knowledge and preparation(3 items),preparation for violence(7 items),risk assessment(8 items),de-escalating skill(11 items),physical restraint(10 items)and recovery after violence(8 items).The content validity index of each item of the scale was 0.833 ～ 1.000,and the content validity index of the scale was 0.983,indicating that the content validity of the scale was good.Six common factors were separated by exploratory factor analysis,and the variance interpretation rate was 75.254%.The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that χ2/df=2.770 、 GFI=0.876 、 IFI= 0.913 、 TLI=0.906 、 CFI=0.913、RMSEA=0.067,the scale fitting index reached the acceptable range,and the scale had good structural validity.Reliability test results showed that the Cronbach’s αcoefficient of the scale was 0.984,the half reliability was 0.941,and the retest reliability was 0.761,indicating good reliability of the scale.2.The total score of workplace violence management ability of 320 psychiatric nurses was(168.15±13.61).The score of knowledge and preparation was(10.96±1.93),the score of violence preparation was(21.66±4.07),the score of risk assessment was(29.25±3.40),the score of palliative skills was(40.70±5.84),the score of protective restraint was(37.51±4.93)and the score of violence The total score of the dimension of post-force recovery was(28.07±4.78)points.On the basis of single factor analysis,multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,working years,hospital level,and whether they had been exposed to violence prevention training had significant effects on the scale score(P < 0.05).Conclusion1.The workplace violence management ability Scale for psychiatric nurses developed in this study contains 47 items from 6 dimensions,including knowledge and preparation,preparation for violence,risk assessment,palliative skills,protective restraint,and recovery after violence.The scale has good reliability and validity,and can be used to assess the workplace violence management ability of Chinese psychiatric nurses.2.The score of workplace violence management ability of psychiatric nurses was at a medium level,and the post-violence recovery ability of psychiatric nurses needed to be further improved.Age,working years,hospital grade and whether they had been exposed to violence prevention training were influencing factors of workplace violence management ability of psychiatric nurses.