Study On Ocular Surface Diseases In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

Objective:To explore the relationship between ocular surface diseases such as Dry Eye and Floppy Eyelid Syndrome and OSAHS,and to provide a new theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ocular surface diseases in OSAHS patients.Methods:This study is a case control study.A total of 46 patients(46 right eyes)with OSAHS confirmed by polysomnography(PSG)in the respiratory department of our hospital were included as the experimental group.At the same time,19 patients(19 right eyes)without underlying diseases,who were at low risk according to the results of the Berlin questionnaire,and whose age and gender were comparable to those of the normal control group were selected for PSG examination.The experimental group was scored according to the Apnea Hypoventilation Index(AHI)and divided into three groups: mild,moderate,and severe.All subjects were examined for medical history,height,weight,Best Corrected Visual Acuity(BCVA),and Non-Contact Tonometer(NCT).The subjects were scored using the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI),and the degree of eyelid relaxation was graded.The Oculus Keratograph 5M ocular surface analyzer was used to perform the First Break-up Time(NIKf-BUT),average Break-up Time(NIKav BUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and corneal curvature tests,measurement of tear secretion using SchirmerⅠtest(SIt).Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using one-way analysis of variance,and pairwise comparisons were conducted using LSD-t test.Chi-square test was used for counting data,and multiple linear regression(stepwise method)was used for multivariate analysis.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between ocular surface parameters such as OSDI,eyelid laxity,TMH,NIKf-BUT,NIKav-BUT,corneal curvature,SIt,and the severity of disease in OSAHS patients.Results:(1)Among 65 subjects,there was no significant difference in age,gender ratio,and NCT(P>0.05).However,there were statistically significant differences among BMI,NC,and AHI groups(P<0.05).The prevalence of Dry Eye in patients with OSAHS of different severity levels was statistically different(X~2 =10.383,P=0.016).The prevalence of Dry Eye in moderate and severe OSAHS groups was significantly higher than that in the normal control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the other groups.The more severe the OSAHS,the higher the OSDI score,the lower the TMH,the lower the NIKf-BUT,the lower the NIKav BUT,and the lower the SIt.There is a correlation between the two,with correlation coefficients of 0.525,-0.363,-0.393,-0.394,and-0.473,respectively.(2)The severity of OSAHS is not related to the prevalence of FES,but to the degree of floppy eyelid.The more severe OSAHS is,the higher the degree of floppy eyelid is.Conclusion:(1)The more serious the OSAHS is,the higher the Dry Eye incidence rate is,and the more serious the Dry Eye is,and the severity of OSAHS is related to the severity of Dry Eye.(2)The more severe OSAHS is,the more severe the degree of floppy eyelid is,and there is a correlation between the two.