Relationship Between Physical Performance And Peripheral Arterial Diseases In Old Adults In Community

Objective: Population aging is a global phenomenon.The medical burden is becoming an unavoidable major challenge in the China.Peripheral artery disease(PAD)is a manifestation of atherosclerotic vascular disease,but PAD is the atherosclerotic vascular disease with the lowest diagnosis rate,the most easily underestimated and undertreated.The prevalence and incidence of PAD are closely related to age.Besides,PAD has a certain correlation with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and lower limb function impairment.Physical performance also declines with age.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the association between physical performance and PAD in different age groups of Chinese older adults.Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited 1572 healthy community-dwelling elderly aged 65 and over in the Shanghai area.We classified the participants into two age categories,the pre-old group(65–74 years)and the old group(75-89 years).We assessed the ankle-brachial index(ABI),which is used for the classification of patients with PAD(ABI≤0.9).Physical performance mainly focused on muscle strength,mobility and balance,which were measured via hand grip,4-m walking speed,and the Timed Up and Go Test(TUGT).Blood samples were detected by Roche automatic biochemical analyzer.The general demographic information(gender,age,and education level)of the participants,past medical history(hypertension,hyperlipidemia,heart disease,stroke,and diabetes)and social behavior characteristics(smoking habits and drinking habits)were obtained through face-to-face questionnaire interviews.All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS v26.0 software.Association between physical activity capacity and PAD using regression analysis.The significance level in the current research was set as 0.05.One year later,a cohort follow-up survey was conducted among the elderly in the community in Shanghai,and the relevant data collection work was carried out again.The incidence of PAD among the elderly in the community was investigated,and regression analysis was used to analyze the impact of physical activity on new-onset PAD.Results: The cross-sectional study finally included 1400 participants.The prevalence of PAD in the community older adults was 8.9%.After adjusting for age,sex,BMI,smoking,drinking,education,heart disease,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,stroke,osteoarthritis and CKD,we found that muscle strength(P=0.015),walking speed(P=0.035)and SPPB test(P=0.043)were negatively correlated with PAD in the pre-old group.In the old group,there was a negative correlation between SPPB test(P=0.030),balance(P=0.011)and PAD.One year later,the follow-up cohort survey finally included 668 participants.The incidence of PAD in community older adults was 3.7%.After adjusting for confounding factors,we found that muscle strength(P=0.025),walking speed(P=0.019),and SPPB test(P=0.003)were negatively correlated with new-onset PAD in the pre-old group.In the old group,walking speed(P=0.037)and balance(P=0.007)were negatively correlated with new-onset PAD.Conclusion: Our study discussed the association between physical performance and PAD in community-dwelling older Chinese adults.The pre-old adults with weaker muscles and poorer walking ability were more likely to develop PAD,and older adults with poorer balance were more likely to develop PAD.These findings might help with better early screening and management of PAD.