Study On The Medication Rules Of Professor Zhang Xikui In The Treatment Of Renal Proteinuria By Tonifying Kidney And Releasing Turbidity Method Based On Complex Network

ObjectiveIn this study,a variety of data mining techniques were used to summarize the characteristics and prescription rules of Professor Zhang Xikui’s treatment of renal proteinuria by tonifying kidney and removing turbidity,and to explore its theoretical basis and academic thought,so as to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of renal proteinuria with traditional Chinese medicine.MethodsThe patients with renal proteinuria treated by Professor Zhang Xikui from January 2019 to December 2022 were collected,and the medical record database was established.The frequency analysis,association rules,clustering and complex network analysis were carried out by using Mircrosoft Office Excel,SPSS Statistics 26.0,SPSS Modeler18.0 and Gephi0.9.2.Results1.A total of 102 medical records were included in the study,with a total of 225 consultations.There were more males than females,and the age group between 41 and 50 years old accounted for the largest proportion.2.There are 49 kinds of drugs used more than 5% in this study.In terms of medicinal properties,it is mostly mild and cold,followed by warm,and the five flavors are sweet,followed by bitter,pungent and light.Most of the drugs belong to kidney and spleen,and there are 6 kinds of drugs with more than 5% frequency of use,namely tonic drugs,diuretic drugs,digestion drugs,heat-clearing drugs,astringent drugs and hemostatic drugs.3.Commonly used drug pairs: Poria-Alisma orientalis,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei-Radix Aconiti Lateralis,Cortex Dictamni-Kochiae,Semen Cuscutae-Rubi,Cortex EucommiaeRadix Dipsaci,Rhizoma Dioscoreae-Corni,Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Eclipta,and Fructus Rosae Laevigatae-Euryale.4.Common prescriptions:(1)Radix Astragali,Radix Codonopsis,Poria,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae,Cortex Dictamni,Kochiae Fructus,Periostracum Cicadae,Semen Cuscutae,Rubi Fructus,Lalang Grass Rhizome,Cirsium japonicum,Oyster,Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and Gastrodia elata.(2)Radix Astragali,Eclipta prostrata,Fructus Ligustri Lucidi,Cortex Dictamni Radicis,Eucommiae Cortex,Herba Taxilli,Achyranthis Radix,Herba Leonuri,Radix Puerariae,Semen Euryales,Fructus Hordei Germinatus,and rice sprouts.(3)Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Herba Epimedii,Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae,Radix Astragali,Poria,Polyporus,Semen Plantaginis,Semen Cuscutae,Rubi Fructus,Massa Medicata Fermentata,Fructus Alpinae Oxyphyllae,Fructus Amomi,Fructus Hordei Germinatus,and rice sprouts.(4)Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,Poria,Rhizoma Alismatis,Atractylodis Macrocephalae,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Astragali,Semen Plantaginis,Rhizoma Polygonati,Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae,Herba Taxilli,Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli,Fructus Hordei Germinatus,Fructus Hordei Germinatus,Concha Ostreae,Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and Rhizoma Gastrodiae.(5)Radix Astragali,Eclipta prostrata,Fructus Ligustri Lucidi,Poria,Semen Plantaginis,Alismatis Rhizoma,Polyporus,Cortex Dictamni Radicis,Kochiae Fructus,Periostracum Cicadae,Notoginseng Radix,Lalang Grass Rhizome,Polygonatum,Massa Medicata Fermentata,Fructus Hordei Germinatus,and Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli.(6)Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,Radix Astragali,Radix Codonopsis,Poria,Rhizoma Alismatis,Fructus Rosae Laevigatae,Semen Euryales,Eucommiae Cortex,Radix Dipsaci,Lily,Cortex Dictamni Radicis,Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli,and Rhizoma Polygonati.The complex network of K-core≥33 takes Astragalus as thecore,and the drugs in the second ring are Poria cocos,Ligustrum lucidum and Eclipta prostrata,and the drugs in the third ring include Eucommia ulmoides,Dictamni bark,Alisma orientale and Euryale ferox.Conclusion1.The pathogenesis of renal proteinuria is deficiency in essence and excess in substance.Deficiency in essence involves lung,spleen and kidney,and excess in substance is attributed to dampness and turbidity,damp-heat,blood stasis and turbidity,among which kidney deficiency and dampness and turbidity are the key to the disease,which runs through the occurrence and development of the disease.2.In terms of treatment,the tutor takes tonifying kidney and removing turbidity as the basic method of treatment.According to different types,he specifically chooses tonifying kidney and strengthening spleen,benefiting qi and nourishing yin,warming kidney and supporting yang,and tonifying kidney and solidifying essence.According to different syndromes,the method of removing turbidity is beneficial to water seepage and removing turbidity,removing blood stasis and promoting diuresis and removing turbidity,and dredging fu-organs to detoxify and remove turbidity.2.In terms of treatment,the tutor takes tonifying kidney and removing turbidity as the basic method of treatment.According to different types,he specifically chooses tonifying kidney and strengthening spleen,benefiting qi and nourishing yin,warming kidney and supporting yang,and tonifying kidney and solidifying essence.According to different syndromes,the method of removing turbidity is beneficial to water seepage and removing turbidity,removing blood stasis and promoting diuresis and removing turbidity,and dredging fu-organs to detoxify and remove turbidity.3.In terms of medication,most of them belong to the spleen and kidney meridians.In terms of drug properties,they are mainly flat,cold and warm,and they like to use sweet drugs to supplement and slow down,while bitter drugs to vent and dry to strengthen.Among the drugs,tonics and diuretics are the most commonly used,which reflect the basic treatment.Commonly used medicine combinations are Poria-Alisma orientalis,Radix et Rhizoma RheiRadix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,Cortex Dictamni-Kochiae,Semen Cuscutae-Rubi,Cortex Eucommiae-Radix Dipsaci,Rhizoma Dioscoreae-Corni,Fructus Ligustri Lucidi-Ecliptae,and Fructus Rosae Laevigatae-Euryale.4.In terms of prescription,Huangqi Erzhi Pill,which consists of Radix Astragali,Poria,Eclipta prostrata,Fructus Ligustri Lucidi,Eucommiae Cortex,Cortex Dictamni Radicis,Semen Euryales and Alismatis Rhizoma,is the core prescription for treatment,and the rest are Shenling Baizhu Powder,Zhenwu Decoction and Dahuang Fuzi Decoction,which are used to treat different stages and syndromes of diseases.