Construction And Application Of Intervention Plan For Family Discharge Readiness Of Premature Infants In NICU

Objective: To improve the discharge readiness of parents of premature infants by constructing an intervention plan,and evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the plan.Methods: This study was divided into two parts: the first part was to construct the intervention plan for the preparation of preterm infants for family discharge,and the second part was the implementation and effect evaluation of the intervention program.1.Construction of a home discharge readiness intervention program for preterm infants.(1)Literature search: Based on the theory of timing,literature retrieval and quality evaluation were carried out to form the first draft of intervention program.(2)The effectiveness,scientificity,feasibility and clinical significance of the first draft of the intervention on family discharge readiness of preterm infants were demonstrated and revised by the expert meeting method.2.Implementation and evaluation of intervention programs for family discharge preparation of premature infants.This part of the study used the quantitative study method to implement and evaluate the intervention plan,and selected premature infants and their parents who were admitted to the intensive care unit of premature infants in a hospital in Shenzhen from October 2021 to July 2022.Convenience sampling was used to divide participants into intervention and control groups.The intervention group implemented staged intervention care based on timing theory,and the control group received routine inpatient care.At the time of admission,discharge and one month after discharge,the parents’ family readiness for discharge,nursing ability,anxiety score and clinical outcome indicators of the child were collected by questionnaire survey method,and SPSS26.0 analysis data were used to evaluate the effect of the intervention,mainly using chi-square test,t-test,descriptive statistics,and repeated measure.Results: 1.In the first part of this study,based on the timing theory,the first draft of the intervention plan was formed by reviewing the literature.After expert meetings and interviews with the parents of premature infants,the intervention plan was improved and the implementation draft was formed.The framework of the intervention plan was divided into four periods,including the diagnosis period,the stable period,the discharge preparation period and the adjustment period,which provided information,emotional and tool support respectively.2.A total of 100 subjects were included in this study,6 were lost,and the effective sample size was 94 cases,including 47 cases in the intervention group and 47 cases in the control group.(1).After the intervention,the total score of the family discharge readiness score of the primary caregiver of the family in the intervention group increased from the score of admission(58.34±4.13)to the score at discharge(81.70±8.55),and compared with the control group,the discharge readiness of the main caregiver family in the intervention group was significantly improved(P<0.05).(2).Comparison of scores of parental care ability between the two groups after intervention: the total score of parental care ability in the intervention group increased from 49.34±4.13 points at admission to 71.70±6.55 points at discharge,and the parental care ability in the intervention group was significantly improved compared with the control group(P<0.05).(3).Comparison of tension and anxiety scores between the two groups after intervention The tension and anxiety scores of parents in the intervention group decreased from 134.96±5.44 points at admission to 79.53±5.05 points at discharge,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant compared with the control group(P<0.05).(4).Comparison of clinical outcome indicators between the two groups after intervention: There were statistically significant differences in the clinical outcome indicators of breastfeeding rate,feeding intolerance rate and readmission situation between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusions: 1.The intervention plan for parents’ discharge preparation of preterm infants can improve parents’ caring ability and family discharge readiness,and relieve parents’ anxiety.2.Intervention program of home discharge preparation for premature infants is beneficial to improve clinical outcome of premature infants and promote their recovery.