| Objective1.To construct a parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).2.To implement the intervention program of parents empowerment for premature infants in NICU,and explore the effects of this program on the average daily weight gain,hospitalization time,the rate of exclusive breastfeeding,the rate of readmission,the incidence of nosocomial infection,family discharge readiness,parents’ depression,anxiety and self-efficacy.Method1.By reviewing the relevant literature about intervention models or measures related to the parental empowerment of premature infants’ parents at home and abroad,the framework of parental empowerment intervention plan for preterm infants in NICU was preliminarily formulated,in combination with the current situation of premature infants’ care in China.Moreover,the first draft of parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants in NICU was formed by referring to the semi-structured interview results.2.According to the first draft of parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants in NICU,the expert letter was formulated.Two rounds of expert correspondence were conducted for 15 neonatal medical and nursing experts by use of Delphi method.Based on expert evaluation and feedback,the final draft of parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants in NICU was determined.3.94 premature infants and their parents,who were admitted to NICU in a third-class first-class hospital of Qingdao from August 2020 to July 2021,and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria,were selected by use of the convenient sampling method.Premature infants in the control group were given routine nursing plan,while those in the observation group were implemented the parental empowerment intervention program.The average daily weight gain,exclusive breastfeeding rate,readmission rate,incidence of nosocomial infection,family discharge readiness,parents’ changes in anxiety,depression and self-efficacy of the two groups were evaluated and compared.Result1.The first draft of parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants was initially formed,and the first round of expert correspondence questionnaire was formed by combining the semi-structured interview results.In the first and second rounds of expert consultation,the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 100%.The average judgment coefficient and familiarity degree were 0.88 and0.79,respectively,and the authority coefficient was 0.84.The average scores of importance of the content was 4.35 and 4.52.The coefficient of variation of expert inquiry was 0.117 and 0.069.Kendall’s coordination coefficient was 0.356 and 0.311(P< 0.001),indicating that the experts’ opinions were remarkably consistent.Combined with expert opinions,the program was revised,and finally the final version of parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants in NICU was formed,including familiarizing with the environment and eliminating doubts,knowledge education and drawing up nursing plan,partial empowerment,bedside participation in carefully empowerment and guiding care,follow-up and continuing care of 5intervention topics and 30 intervention contents.2.The effect of NICU intervention program for parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants was evaluated,and the outcomes of premature infants and parents in the control group and the observation group were compared.The results showed that the average daily weight gain(g/d)of premature infants in the observation group was larger than that in the control group(22.33±8.86,17.61±5.58,P= 0.003).The hospitalization time(days)of premature infants in observation group was shorter than that in control group(36.90±13.91,43.91±9.19,P = 0.005);The exclusive breastfeeding rate of premature infants was58.33%,which was higher than that of the control group(28.26%,P = 0.003).The anxiety scores of parents in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(31.02±9.99,59.28±6.98,P < 0.001).The depression scores of parents in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(27.63±10.35,58.02±8.22,P < 0.001);The family discharge readiness of parents in the observation group was better than that in the control group(19.40±4.83,12.83±3.12,P< 0.001),and the self-efficacy of parents in the observation group was better than that in the control group(32.90±4.28,14.85±6.02,P < 0.001).There was no significant difference in the readmission rate and the incidence of nosocomial infection between the two groups(13.04%,4.17%,P=0.241;13.04%,6.25%,P=0.442).Conclusion1.The parental empowerment intervention program for preterm infants in NICU was constructed in this study,and has high enthusiasm,authority of experts and good consistency.2.The application of parental empowerment intervention program in premature infants in NICU in this study is helpful to speed up the average daily weight growth rate of premature infants,increase the exclusive breastfeeding rate of premature infants and shorten the length of hospital stay,etc.At the same time,it is helpful to reduce parents’ anxiety and depression level,improve family discharge preparation and self-efficacy of premature infants’ parents. |
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