Study On The Current Situation And Influencing Factors Of Care Ability Of Elderly Tuberculosis’ Caregivers Based On ABC—X Model

Objective: To investigate the current situation of care ability of elderly tuberculosis caregivers and analyze its influencing factors and based on ABC—X model,the structural equation model path analysis method was used to explore the relationship and intensity of self-care ability,medication compliance of elderly patients with tuberculosis,psychological resilience,social support,care burden and care ability of elderly tuberculosis caregivers.Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to select the elderly tuberculosis patients and their caregivers who were hospitalized in a Grade 3A specialist hospital in Urumqi,Xinjiang from January to July in 2022.General data questionnaire,Barthel Index,Morisky Medication Scale,Psychological resilience,Social support,Care burden and Family Caregiver Task Scale were used to investigate.SPSS26.0 software was used for statistical description,t-test,analysis of variance or rank sum test,Pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear stepwise regression analysis.At the same time,based on ABC—X theoretical model,Amos21.0 software was used to construct the model of influencing factors of senile tuberculosis care ability,and the relationship and intensity of influencing factors were analyzed.Results:(1)The total score of care ability of caregivers was(38.24±9.83).The scores of each dimension from high to low were emergency needs and assistance(8.30 ±2.43),dealing with personal emotions(7.64 ±2.31),evaluating and community resources(7.62±2.40),adjusting personal life and meeting care needs(7.36±2.63),adapting to care roles(7.31±2.48).(2)Tuberculosis history,self-care ability,medication compliance and gender of caregivers,family per capita monthly income,health status,understanding of tuberculosis,care time,self-improvement in psychological resilience,subjective and objective support in social support,responsibility burden in care burden have influence on caring ability,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).It can explain 42.2% of the variance of care ability.(3)The results of structural equation model showed that:(1)The effect of self-care ability on caring ability was indirect only by taking care of burden,and the indirect effect value is-0.103;(2)The effect value of drug compliance control caring ability was both direct and indirect,and the effect values are-0.241 and-0.029;(3)Psychological resilience only has a direct effect on caring ability,and the effect value is-0.151;(4)Social support has a direct effect on caring ability,and the value of direct effect is-0.172,and it can also produce indirect effect through caring burden,and the indirect effect value is-0.060;(5)The direct care burden only has a direct effect on caring ability,the direct effect value is 0.279.Conclusion:(1)The overall ability of care ability of elderly patients with tuberculosis is at a low level.(2)Tuberculosis history,self-care ability and medication compliance of elderly patients with tuberculosis and caregiver gender,education level,family per capita monthly income,understanding of tuberculosis,health status,care time,self-improvement in psychological resilience,subjective and objective support in social support,responsibility burden in care burden are the main influencing factor of caregivers’ care ability.(3)Based on the ABC — X theoretical model,the structural equation model of the factors affecting the care ability of elderly tuberculosis patients is constructed,which fits well and can explain the relationship and intensity of the influencing factors.It can provide a reference basis for the formulation of targeted intervention programs to improve the care ability of elderly tuberculosis caregivers in the future.