The Changes Of Macular Area In The Fellow Eyes With Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion And Diabetes Eyes Without Retinopathy

Objective:The changes of macular structure and microcirculation in the fellow eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion and eyes with diabetes without retinopathy were observed by using optical coherence tomography angiography(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)to explore the similarities and differences between the two diseases.Methods:This study is prospective.The three groups included were 30 lateral branch retinal vein occlusion(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)patients with macular edema diagnosed in the ophthalmology department of Qinhuangdao First Hospital from October 2020 to June 2022,30 diabetes patients without retinopathy(diabetes without retinopathy,no DR)hospitalized in the endocrine department,and 30 healthy controls.Using OCTA,the macular area of the follow eye of patients with branch retinal vein occlusion(fellow eye with branch retinal vein occlusion,no BRVO),the unilateral eye of patients with diabetes ignoring retinopathy,and the unilateral eye of healthy controls 3mm × 3mm shallow and deep capillary images were collected.The central retinal thickness(central macular thickness,CMT)of the macula is calculated by the software provided by the device.Other software calculates the following parameters.The structural parameters of the macular area include the area,perimeter,and acircularity index(acircularity index,AI)of the foveal avascular zone(foveal avascular zone,FAZ);The parameters of microcirculation vascular density in macular region include vascular density(vascular density,VD)and vascular length density(vascular length density,VLD);The morphological parameters of microcirculation vessels in the macular region include vascular diameter index(vascular diameter index,VDI)and vascular junction density(vascular junction density,VJD).Statistical methods were used to compare the relevant parameters of the three groups: no BRVO group,no DR group and healthy control group.Results:1.There was no significant difference in CMT among no BRVO group,no DR group and healthy control group(P>0.05)2.Compared with the healthy control group,the circumference of SCP FAZ and AI of no BRVO group and no DR group increased(P<0.05)3.Compared with the healthy control group and the no BRVO group,the SCP VD parafovea in the no DR group decreased(P<0.05)4.The VDI of fovea macularis in the no BRVO group was higher than that in the healthy control group(P<0.05)Conclusions:1.The VDI of the fovea of the macula of no BRVO increased,and the SCP VD of macular parafoveal of no DR decreased.The sensitive indexes of the microcirculation in the macular area of the both were different.2.No BRVO and no DR macular structure SCP FAZ perimeter and AI increased.3.CMT have no obvious changes in no BRVO and no DR.They are not sensitive indicators of structural changes in the macular area at the early stage of the disease.4.The structure FAZ of the macular region of no BRVO and no DR changed earlier than CMT.