| Background: Somatization symptoms refer to clinical syndromes that cannot be explained by known physiological or medical knowledge.Patients often attribute the symptoms to somatic diseases and continue to seek medical help,also known as medical unexplained symptoms(MUS).Somatization symptoms are the main clinical manifestations of patients with mental disorders in general hospitals.The patients often go to different departments of general hospitals because of different and changeable somatization symptoms.In the early stage,our team investigated the clinical characteristics of somatization symptoms of patients with psychological disorders in the outpatient department of Cardiology in the general hospital and analyzed its related factors.The results found that the incidence of somatization symptoms of patients with psychological disorders in the outpatient department of Cardiology in the general hospital was high,and female was an important factor affecting somatization symptoms.Women accounted for 62.2%of the subjects in the study,and most of them are climacteric ones.In other words,the main population of patients with psychological disorders and somatic symptoms in the cardiology clinic of the general hospital is climacteric women.Up to today,no research report is found on the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of climacteric female patients with somatization symptoms in the Department of Cardiology of general hospital.Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of climacteric female patients with somatization symptoms in the Department of Cardiology of general hospital.Research methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey.377 climacteric female patients who were admitted to the outpatient department of Cardiology of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from December 2020 to August 2021,with somatic discomfort as the main complaint and screened as psychological disorders by the "three questions method" recommended by the Chinese expert consensus on psychological prescriptions for patients in cardiovascular department in 2020,were included continuously as the research objects.The researcher and the coordinator with psychological secondary Consultant Certificate,who was uniformly trained,collected the general demographic and clinical data(including age,gender,marital status,education level,occupation,clinical diagnosis,personality,sleep and stress)of the subjects,and then guided the patients to complete self evaluation of the generalized anxiety scale(GAD-7),the patient health questionnaire depression symptom group scale(PHQ-9)and Patient Health Questionnaire-15(PHQ-15).The clinical characteristics of somatization symptoms and the detection rate of anxiety and depression in climacteric female patients were analyzed.The related factors affecting somatization symptoms was analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results: The age of female patients was 54.18±4.97 years old.Among the 377 effective cases,the detection rate of anxiety was 69.23%(261 / 377),and the detection rate of depression was 67.37%(254 / 377),the total detection rate of anxiety and depression was 80.11%(302 / 377),the detection rate of somatic symptoms was 94.96%(358 /377),and the patients with mild,moderate and severe somatic symptoms were 114,149 and 95 respectively.The number of positive items of PHQ-15 scale was9.46±2.68 items.There were 12 items of PHQ-15 symptoms with positive rate of more than 50%.According to the positive rate,in order they were trouble sleeping,feeling their heart thumping or beating fast,feeling tired or listless,dizziness,arm,leg or joint pain,bouts of weakness,breathlessness,headache,chest pain,back pain,nausea,gas or indigestion,and stomach pain.Among 358 patients with somatization symptoms,the detection rate of anxiety and depression was 82.96%(297/358).There was significant difference in GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores among patients with mild,moderate and severe somatization symptoms(P < 0.05).PHQ-15 score was positively correlated with GAD-7 score(r = 0.435,P< 0.001)and PHQ-9 score(r =0.551,P< 0.001).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that PHQ-9 score(OR = 21.527,95% CI 2.690 ～ 172.266,P =0.004)and GAD-7 score(OR = 3.507,95% CI 1.069 ～ 11.501,P= 0.038)were independent factors affecting the somatization symptoms of climacteric female patients in the outpatient department of Cardiology.Conclusions:1.The incidence of anxiety,depression in climacteric female patients with somatizat ion symptoms in the outpatient department of Cardiology was high.2.The somatization symptoms of climacteric female patients with somatization symptoms in the outpatient department of cardiology were characterized clinically by insomnia and cardiovascular disease symptoms.3.Anxiety and depression were independent factors affecting the somatization symptoms of climacteric female patients with somatization symptoms in the outpatient department of Cardiology.The degree of somatization symptoms were positively correlated with anxiety and depression. |
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