Study On The Influencing Factors Of Osteopenia Or Osteoporosis In Middle-aged And Elderly People

Purpose:This article aims to explore the influencing factors of osteopenia or osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people,so as to provide diagnostic and therapeutic basis for the early prevention of osteopenia and osteoporosis in clinical practice.Methods:This study will focus on 199 patients who were treated the six treatment areas of the New Cadre Ward of the First Hospital of Jilin University from September 2021 to December 2022.All subjects were tested for bone mineral density（BMD）of the lumbar spine,femoral neck,and total hip using DXA,and corresponding T-values were calculated using BMD.Subjects were divided into two groups based on T-values:normal bone mass group（T-value≥-1）,and osteopenia or osteoporosis group（T-value<-1）.The influencing factors of the subjects were collected through a case system,including age,gender,height,weight,smoking history,drinking history,past medical history,and past medication history.IBM SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical description and analysis.Single factor analysis was conducted through T-test and chi-square test.Statistically significant variables were included in the unconditional logistic regression model for analysis.The difference is statistically significant with P<0.05.Results:（1）A total of 199 subjects were included in this study,including 117 males（58.79%）and 82 females（41.21%）.The average age of the subjects was 65.57years old,ranging from 36 to 94 years old.There were 84 people with normal bone mass,accounting for 42.2%,and the proportion of males was higher than that of females（71.43%vs 28.57%）;The number of people with osteopenia or osteoporosis was 115,accounting for 57.8%,and the proportion of men was lower than that of women（49.57%vs.50.43%）.（2）The results of univariate analysis showed that older age(OR _{per 1 year increase}=1.067,95%CI:1.037～1.098),takingβreceptor blockers（OR=4.775,95%CI:1.040～21.9321）and taking calcium antagonists（OR=1.968,95%CI:1.041～3.720）were risk factors for osteopenia or osteoporosis（P<0.05）,while high BMI(OR ²_{per 1 kg/mincrease}=0.867,95%CI:0.789～0.952),men（OR=0.393,95%CI:0.216～0.715）and history of drinking（OR=0.399,95%CI:0.206～0.772）were protective factors for osteopenia or osteoporosis（P<0.05）.Smoking history,hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke,hyperlipidemia,tumor disease history,antiplatelet aggregation drugs,statins,ACEI/ARB drugs,diuretics,insulin drugs and non-insulin drugs were not associated with osteopenia or osteoporosis（P>0.05）.（3）The results of multivariate analysis showed that increasing age was positively correlated with osteopenia or osteoporosis,and was a risk factor for osteopenia or osteoporosis(P<0.05,OR _{per 1 year increase}=1.062,95%CI:1.029～1.096).Increased BMI was negatively correlated with osteopenia or osteoporosis,and was a protective factor for patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis(P<0.05,OR ²_{per 1 kg/mincrease}=0.893,95%CI:0.804～0.993).Compared with women,men were a protective factor for osteopenia or osteoporosis（P<0.05,OR=0.358,95%CI:0.173～0.743）.However,drinking history（OR=0.736,95%CI:0.337～1.605）,βreceptor blockers（OR=3.050,95%CI:0.527～17.651）andcalciumantagonists（OR=1.593,95%CI:0.757～3.350）were not associated with osteopenia or osteoporosis（P>0.05）.Conclusions:（1）Older age,low BMI and women were risk factors for osteopenia or osteoporosis,so it is necessary to focus on the bone health of the elderly,underweight,and female populations.（2）Smoking history,drinking history,previous medical history（hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke,hyperlipidemia and tumor disease）and previous medication history（antiplatelet aggregation drugs,statins,ACEI/ARB drugs,βreceptor blockers,calcium antagonists,diuretics,insulin drugs and non-insulin drugs）were not associated with osteopenia or osteoporosis.