| Objective To investigate the eye diseases spectrum of military personnel through the outpatient electronic medical record system in a large military hospital,analyse the features and the historical transitions of the common eye diseases in military personnel,and identify the risk factors of dry eye,then further explore the prevention and control measures based on the results.The study is aimed at promoting the officers and military personnel’s eye health,improving the combat effectiveness,accomplishing the eye health support for diverse military tasks and eventually providing help to develop the eye health support policies for military personnel.Method The spectrum of eye diseases for Chinese military personnel was investigated and analysed in the first part.The military personnel’s medical records data for eye disease from January 1,2019 to January 1,2021 were obtained through the outpatient electronic medical record system of a Grade III Class A military hospital,which included time of presentation,gender,age,rank and the diagnosis.The eye diseases spectrum for military personnel were collected through literature searching of the historical data.Data analysis was performed using statistical software SPSS 19.0.Descriptive statistics were used for the count data,such as the constituent ratios of eye disease.Chi-square test was used to analyse the variability in different genders,age groups and seasons.Significant testing was set up at Pvalue<0.05.Investigation of dry eye and its risk factors was performed in the second part.After referring to historical dry eye research and combining with the actual situation of military personnel’s living environment and nature of their work,a questionnaire for dry eye risk factors in military personnel was designed.A total of 320 military subjects were selected from May 2020 to September 2020,of which,160 dry eye patients were in case group and another 160 eye healthy military personnel were set as control.Routine eye examinations,dry eye related examinations,dry eye risk factors survey and OSDI survey were performed with signed informed consent.Finally,the data was input in Excel spreadsheet and analysed with software SPSS 19.0.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyse the relevant risk factors for dry eye in military personnel.P-value?<?0.05 was taken as statistically significant.The third part was to explore the primary strategies for prevention and control of eye diseases in military personnel.Based on the results of the first two parts and the historical research,and combined with the actual situation of military personnel’s living environment and the nature of their job,the military personnel’s eye diseases prevention and control strategies were explored.The purpose of this part is to better maintain the military personnel’s eye health,improve the combat effectiveness,and provide effective reference materials for the formulation of relevant medical support policies.Result 1.Military personnel’s eye diseases spectrum,common eye diseases’ epidemiological characteristics and historical transitions in outpatient A total of 36886 military patients were enrolled in the study and 34528 were clearly diagnosed with eye disease,28610(82.86%)of which were males and 5918(17.14%)of which were females.The top five eye diseases were ametropia(14340 person-times,33.54%),conjunctival disease(10508 person-times,24.58%),dry eye(6925 person-times,16.20%),eyelid disease(2734 person-times,6.40%)and visual fatigue(2478 person-times,5.80%),a total of 36985 person-times(86.51%).It’s worth to mention that the ocular trauma accounted for 320 person-times(0.75%),which is common in military personnel.The rest eye diseases had only 5466 person-times(12.76%).Further subgroup analyses were conducted for the top five eye diseases by gender,age and season.The result showed that the ametropia was more common in young and middle age military personnel(X2=961.33,P<0.05);Conjunctivitis was more common in spring(X2=211.27,P<0.05);dry eye was more common in female and winter,and had the trend of increasing with age.(X2=27.51,P<0.05;X2=825.87,P<0.05;X2=58.37,P<0.05);MGD was more common in winter and spring,and had the trend of increasing with age less than 70 years(X2=62.66,P<0.05;X2=31.84,P<0.05).The result of historical transitions of common eye diseases in military personnel showed that ametropia had beyond infectious eye diseases and became the most common eye diseases in military personnel,and dry eye had an obvious forward trend in the ranking of eye diseases spectrum for military personnel and had become one of the common eye diseases in military personnel.2.Investigation of risk factors for dry eye in military personnel.The result of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the potential risk factors for dry eye in military personnel included age,daily living environment,ametropia,corneal refractive surgery,other eye surgery,eye drops use in the past year,drinking,stress in daily life and work,long use of VDT and long reading time of paper books.Then the potential risk factors based on the result of univariate logistic regression analysis were introduced into multivariate logistic regression models,the result showed that the risk factors for dry eye in military personnel included age,daily living environment,ametropia,corneal refractive surgery,eye drops use in the past year,stress in daily life and work,long time of using VDT and long reading time of paper books.3.Exploration of the primary strategies for prevention and control of eye diseases in military personnel.Based on the results of the first two parts,after referencing to the historical research about strategies for prevention and control of eye diseases and combing with the actual situation of military personnel’s living environment and the nature of their job,the prevention and control strategies for military personnel’s eye diseases were put forward as fellow:(1)Common eye diseases were the key point in military personnel’s eye diseases prevention and control,corresponding means of prevention should be refined.(2)Drawing up personalized Measures for control and prevention of eye disease in military personnel according to military personnel’s age,gender,and seasonal characteristics of military personnel’s eye disease.(3)Valuing healthy ways of eyes’ usage advocacy education in military personnel,helping them to develop good habits of using eyes.(4)Focusing more attention on the eye diseases with rising trend,understanding and preventing ahead.(5)Strengthening the construction of ophthalmology software and hardware in grassroots troops.Conclusion 1.Common eye diseases such as ametropia,conjunctivitis,dry eyes,eyelid disease,visual fatigue are the major key points of eye diseases prevention and treatment in military personnel.We should focus more attention on the chronic eye diseases with rising trend such as dry eye and MGD.At the same time,we can’t ignore the eye disease with a lower incidence but high risk of blinding such as ocular trauma.The prevention and control measures of common eye diseases should be developed according to their epidemiological distribution characteristics.2.The occurrence of dry eye in military personnel is not only related to the military personnel’s living environment and habits of using eyes,but also related to their mental health.Therefore,in addition to enhancing the military personnel’s living environments and urging them to form good habits of using eyes,strengthening their mental health maintenance is also very important.3.The prevention and control measures of military personnel’s eye diseases should be developed with the epidemiological distribution characteristics of eye diseases in military personnel,which should have focus and provide equal emphasis for prevention and treatment. |
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