Research On International Cooperation Strategy During Public Health Emergencies Based On Sequential Reciprocity Game

Since the 1970s,globalization has promoted the close exchange of personnel,funds,and trade among countries,which has provided a mobile carrier for pathogen transmission and spreading across borders.The cross-border spread of pathogens seriously threatens human life safety and health.However,it may also undermine the countries’ political and social stability and economic development and intensify political and military conflicts among nations,leading to the stagnation of the global geopolitical order.At the end of 2019,the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)broke out in China and around the world,becoming a global pandemic that has seriously affected the security and stability of human society in the past century.Based on the global,sudden,and highly pathogenic characteristics of COVID-19,international cooperation has proven to be an effective measure of resolving the epidemic.As key players in global health governance,China and the United States have often carried out bilateral cooperation in response to public health emergencies and collaborated to ensure global human health and well-being.Studying how achieving a reciprocal cooperation relationship between China and the United States during public health emergencies has become an important issue related to the healthy development of human society worldwide.Therefore,this paper focuses on promoting China and the United States to cooperate in handling public health emergencies.This paper firstly sorts out the relevant research of domestic and foreign scholars in the field of international cooperation in public health emergencies and analyzes the research status and deficiencies.Secondly,the related concepts and theories involved in this paper are expounded,which lays a theoretical foundation for the following analysis.Related concepts mainly include public health,public health emergencies,cooperation and international cooperation,and sequential games.The theoretical basis mainly covers public goods theory,international cooperation theory,and reciprocity theory.Thirdly,this paper proposes five basic assumptions of the model based on the sequential game and related research and draws a two-state two-stage sequential game tree based on the model assumptions.On this basis,this paper draws on Dufwenberg and Kirchsteiger’s research,incorporates reciprocity preference into the analysis of the two countries’ behavior,and discusses the sequential reciprocity equilibrium strategy under the assumption of complete rationality and considering the reciprocity motivation of the two countries.Fourthly,this paper takes China and the United States as the research object and uses numerical experiments to investigate the impact of the changing trends of parameters such as cooperation effect coefficient,negative effect coefficient,and cooperation cost on the reciprocity sensitivity coefficient and cooperation probability of the two countries within their value ranges.Based on the research results,this paper tentatively puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the participation of China and the United States in international cooperation during public health emergencies through the cross-integration of public goods theory,international cooperation theory,and reciprocity theory.Finally,this paper presents research conclusions and prospects.