Craniofacial Phenotype Of USP40 Knockout Mice Based On EDMA

Objective In this study,USP40 gene knockout mice were bred stably,and usable experimental mice were obtained after genotype identification.Then,the Micro-CT scan of the mouse’s craniofacial was performed,and the three-dimensional coordinates of the mouse’s craniofacial were reconstructed to obtain three-dimensional coordinates.EDMA was used to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of bony points and the Euclidean distance between landmarks,and the experimental data was analyzed.Referring to the measurement data of the control group’s craniofacial,the influence of USP40 on the growth and development of mouse’s craniofacial phenotype was discussed.Methods The knockout mice can be stably inherited after hybridization,and can also be stably inherited and bred after backcross according to Mendelian inheritance law.Homozygotes were screened out by the analysis of mouse genotype,and the experimental mouse model was obtained.After the mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection at the 12 th week of growth and development,the craniofacial bone markers were collected by VG Studio MAX 3.2 software.EDMA was used to statistically analyze and compare all the data after the geometric measurement of three-dimensional coordinate points of the landmarks,and find out the abnormal bone landmarks and linear distance;The correlation between the craniofacial phenotype and gene was analyzed.Results1.Compared with the Euclidean distance of the nose of the USP40 gene knockout mice and the normal mice,the bootstrap nonparametric test showed that T=1.348,P<0.05.In the ratio of the morphological difference matrix(FDM),20 ratios were less than 0.95,accounting for 36.36%;34 ratios ranged from0.95-1.05,accounting for 68.82%;One ratio is greater than 1.05,accounting for1.82%.The results showed that USP40 gene knockout had an effect on the pyriform pore in the nose region of mice,and the pyriform pore was reduced.2.Compared with the Euclidean distance between the frontal and zygomatic bone of the USP40 gene knockout mice and the normal mice,the bootstrap nonparametric test showed that T=1.132,P>0.05,indicating that there was no statistical difference in the morphology of the frontal and zygomatic bone region between the two groups.In the form difference matrix(FDM)ratio,20 ratios were less than 0.950,accounting for 21.98%;71 ratios ranged from0.950-1.050,accounting for 78.02%;0 ratio is greater than 1.050,accounting for0%.USP40 gene knockout has no effect on mouse frontal and zygomatic bones.3.Compared with the Euclidean distance of the parietal,temporal and occipital bones of the USP40 knockout mice and the normal mice,the bootstrap nonparametric test showed that T=1.289,P<0.05.In the ratio of the morphological difference matrix(FDM),five ratios were less than 0.95,accounting for 9.1%;48 ratios ranged from 0.95-1.05,accounting for 87.27%;The two ratios are greater than 1.05,accounting for 3.63%.The results showed that USP40 gene knockout had effects on parietal and temporal bones of mice.Conclusions The mouse model of USP40 gene knockout was successfully obtained.The knockout of USP40 gene had an effect on the craniofacial phenotype of mice.Compared with WT mice,USP40 gene knockout mice have significant differences in skull and nose morphology.The Euclidean distance of pyriform hole of gene knockout mice is shortened as a whole,and the pyriform hole of gene deletion mice is smaller than WT mice.USP40 knockout mice and WT mice also have certain effects on parietal bone and occipital bone.The intersection of the left(right)side of frontal-squasmosal intersection at temporal crest from the intersection of frontal bones and parietal bones at midline becomes shorter.The intersection of left(right)intersection of parietal,temporal and interparietal bones becomes shorter to the most posteroinferior point on the superior portion of the left(right)tympanic ring.The junction of the left(right)left(right)intersection of parietal,temporal and interparietal bones to the joining of squasmosal body and left(right)zygomatic process of squasmosal becomes longer.