| Purpose: Through the systematic study on the appearance,effective components and irritant substances of Mount Tain Polygonatum sibiricum,the correlation between the appearance and the two was analyzed,and the principle of "slow synergism" of Mount Tain Polygonatum sibiricum was revealed,so as to effectively control its medicinal components and toxic and side effects,and provide scientific basis and experimental support for the clinical use and modern production of Mount Tain Polygonatum sibiricum.Methods: 1.The appearance characteristics of Mount Tain Polygonatum sibiricum before and after processing were evaluated by ultraviolet-visible photometer and color difference meter,and the appearance characteristics standard was established.2.The contents of water,total ash,extract and total polysaccharide of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan before and after processing were determined by the method specified in China Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition),the contents of total flavonoids and total phenols were determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer,the contents of diosgenin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were determined by high performance liquid chromatography,and the total antioxidant activity of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan before and after processing was determined by antioxidant kit(FRAB method),and the correlation between color difference value and effective component content and total antioxidant activity was analyzed.3.Qualitative and quantitative research on fatty acids of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan before and after processing was carried out based on GC-MS,and the correlation between color difference and fatty acids was analyzed.4.The effects of irritating substances of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan.on eyes and skin of rabbits were studied.The morphological and content changes of irritating substances were investigated by microscopic observation and high performance liquid chromatography,and the correlation between color difference and the content of irritating components was analyzed.Results: 1.The characteristics of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan after processing can be summarized as follows: the outer surface is black,the center is black,the section is shiny,yellow veins are small,the quality is slightly hard,the taste is sweet,there is no sweet aroma,and there is no numbness in the tongue.The results of color difference meter show that the brightness of the cross section of the sample is getting darker and darker during the processing,and finally it turns dark brown to lacquered black,and the appearance color is deepened.The color difference meter can clearly distinguish the differences of the surface colors of the samples of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan,and the chromaticity range of each sample can be used as a reference standard for the processing degree of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan.2.The contents of water,total ash,extract and polysaccharide of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan before and after processing all reached the level specified in Pharmacopoeia.With the increase of steaming times,the contents of total flavonoids and total phenols increased significantly,and reached the highest value after nine steaming and nine processing,with the total flavonoids being 6.01±0.04 mg/g and the total phenols being0.72±0.01 mg/g.The content of diosgenin increased first and then decreased during processing,but the content of diosgenin showed a trend of decreasing.The highest content of 5-HMF was 0.062±0.06 mg/g when steamed for four times,and the highest content was7.05 mg/g after steamed for nine times.The total antioxidant activity measured by FRAP method increased significantly,and the correlation analysis showed that the content of effective components was correlated with the color difference.Processing made the effective components in Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan more significant and had good antioxidant activity.3.The contents of fatty acids in Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan before and after processing were linoleic acid and palmitic acid,and the content of palmitic acid reached the highest of 0.9884 μg/mg in the eighth processing,and the content of linoleic acid also reached the highest of 1.2178 μg/mg in the eighth processing.The higher fatty acids are stearic acid and erucic acid,the highest content of stearic acid in the sixth system is 0.4586μg/mg,and the highest content of erucic acid in the sixth system is 0.1762 μg/mg.The correlation analysis of four fatty acids and color difference values showed that the appearance color of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan was deepened and the fatty acid content was also changing in correlation.4.The experimental results of rabbit eye irritation show that the irritation of S0 to rabbit eyes is moderate,with severe blood vessel congestion and deep red color,accompanied by edema,the eyelid is nearly closed,and the edema is serious,and the secretion makes the eyelids and eyelashes moist and sticky;The irritation of S2 is mild,the blood vessels are bloodshot and crimson,and the edema can be observed obviously,and the secretion makes the eyelids and eyelashes moist.S5 showed mild irritation,blood vessels were bloodshot and bright red,edema was obvious,and a small amount of secretion was found.S7 and S9 showed no irritation,congestion and edema.The experimental results of rabbit skin irritation showed that the skin irritation of S0 was moderate irritation,moderate erythema and edema.The irritation of S2 to rabbit skin is moderate,with moderate erythema and mild edema.The skin irritation of S5 on rabbits is mild irritation,mild erythema and edema.S7 and S9 show no irritation,erythema and edema.The results of microscopic observation show that the needle crystals of calcium oxalate in the processed Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan from outside to inside,from the tip of the needle crystal to the needle body gradually dissolve,fall off and become dull until they crack into the smallest cylindrical state.The correlation analysis between the content of calcium oxalate and the chromaticity value showed that the appearance color of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan was deepened,and the content gradually decreased.The highest content in S0 was 6.71 mg/g,and the lowest content in S9 was 0.63 mg/g.At this time,the taste was not irritating.Conclusion: In this study,the changes of appearance characters,content of effective components and irritant substances of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan before and after processing were comprehensively explored,and the correlation between appearance color and effective components and irritant substances was analyzed.The results showed that the effective components of Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan after processing were significantly changed,and the irritant substances were significantly reduced,which was significantly correlated with the color difference value,revealing that "nine steaming and nine systems" could make Mount Tain Polygonatum Taishan have the efficacy of "reducing toxicity and increasing efficiency",laying a theoretical foundation for its further development and utilization. |
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