| Objective:To explore the effect of the airborne pollen concentration of Artemisia spp.in autumn in Taiyuan and its surrounding areas on the number of outpatient visits and the number of people diagnosed with allergic rhinitis(AR)in otolaryngology and the correlation between them,and to analyze the Artemisia spp.pollen in this area.The sensitization characteristics provide a theoretical basis for the epidemiological investigation in this area and the prevention and clinical treatment of allergic rhinitis caused by Artemisia pollen.Methods:From August 1st to September 30th,2021,the pollen concentration level of Artemisia in the air was collected,the number of patients who visited the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and the number of patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were collected through the outpatient system.Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was performed between pollen concentration and the number of outpatient visits and confirmed diagnoses in ENT.A total of 3173 patients who underwent serological specific Ig E testing from August 1,2019 to September 30,2019 and August 1,2020 to September 30,2021,and1010 patients whose serological specific Ig E results showed mugwort grade 1(+)and above positive,were selected.The population distribution of Artemisia sensitized patients was tested and compared,and the number of Ig E allergy grades in each age group,as well as the number of single sensitized and multiple sensitized patients,were analyzed,and the sensitization characteristics were analyzed.Results:The airborne pollen concentration of Artemisia genus increased concentratedly from August to September,and the highest value was concentrated in the time range from August 19 to September 17.During this time period,the number of outpatient visits in the ENT department and the number of patients diagnosed as allergic The number of people with rhinitis showed a peak compared with before and after,and the airborne pollen concentration of Artemisia genus was positively correlated with the number of visits and the number of diagnoses(r=0.940,p<0.01,r=0.878,p=0.002).In the serological-specific Ig E detection,the positive rate of mugwort was significantly different between males and females(χ~2=5.284,P=0.022),indicating that the positive rate of males was higher than that of females;in the children group(χ~2=1.796,P=0.180),adolescent group(χ~2=2.688,P=0.101),young and middle-aged group(χ~2=0.047,P=0.829),middle-aged group(χ~2<0.001,P=0.987),and elderly group(P=0.373)There was no significant difference in the positive rate of mugwort between males and females in each group;the difference in positive rate among the above groups was statistically significant:χ~2=301.340,P<0.001,and the positive rate of the children group was the highest,which was 57.10%.The Ig E level was higher in the young and middle-aged adults,and the result grade was higher,with the highest proportion of Ig E+++++.Artemisia pollen was less sensitized to single pollen,and more sensitized to other pollen species,and the multiple sensitization showed an increasing trend.Single pollen was more allergenic than severe allergy,mainly ragweed,tree combination and Humulus.Among the Ig E grades,Artemisia pollen allergy grades were higher,and ragweed,tree combination and Humulus allergy grades were mainly+and++.Conclusion:1.The pollen concentration of Artemisia genus is consistent with the peak of outpatient visits and diagnosis of ENT.2.The sensitization rate of Artemisia pollen is high,especially in children,adolescents and males,and it shows a decreasing trend with age.3.Children(3-10 years old),adolescents(11-18 years old)and young adults(19-49 years old)have higher levels of Ig E in patients with Artemisia pollen allergy,indicating a high probability of developing allergic diseases and prone to serious Allergic reaction.4.Artemisia pollen allergies tended to be multiple allergies,showing an increasing trend,and the combined pollen allergen species also changed with different years.5.Artemisia pollen is more allergenic than ragweed,tree combination and Humulus.6.Children and adolescents should use sublingual desensitization treatment as soon as possible to avoid more allergens and serious complications. |
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