| During the period of the Republic of China,there were five large-scale epidemics in Shanxi;some counties even became the main incidence areas of certain epidemics.In the face of the severe epidemic health situation,it is obviously necessary for the government to carry out health and epidemic prevention construction.Diseases are like wars.When the government responds to sudden outbreaks,it is no less than fighting an "encounter".From the establishment of the Republic of China to before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,Shanxi was basically ruled by local forces represented by Yan Xishan,and the system of health and epidemic prevention at this time was basically included in the police system.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,Shanxi Province was divided into three parts:the ruled area of Yan Xishan,the ruled area of Japan and the puppet,and the anti-Japanese revolutionary base area under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.Therefore,there are three systems for the establishment of health administrative agencies.Affected by the war,the health and epidemic prevention system at this time had the characteristics of wartime,and the scope of epidemic prevention went deeper into the countryside.In the response to the plague in northern Shanxi in 1918,the Shanxi government represented by Yan Xishan was based on the reality that the local medical level was difficult to treat the plague patients.The government has established a policy of "mainly preventing and not treating",focusing on isolating the source of infection.The military and government departments jointly mobilized to block traffic in three lines,and established a relatively complete administrative epidemic prevention system at the provincial,county and village levels from top to bottom.The specific measures include the construction of various isolation facilities in different epidemic prevention and control areas,and the establishment of special disinfection teams and inspection teams.These measures effectively blocked the spread of the epidemic,demonstrating the important role of administrative power in epidemic prevention.The prevention and control of the plague in northern Shanxi also showed the cooperation between the central government of the Republic of China and the local government of Yan Xishan.In 1947,in the scabies campaign launched by the "Wutai" troops of the Communist Party of China,Party committees at the brigade and regiment levels mobilized and organized all the military,political and administrative forces in the army to form a unified central leadership organ’s scabies management committees at all levels.The committee uniformly assigns guiding forces,and conducts the medical and health work for the treatment of scabies in the form of combat operations.In practice,the cadres took the lead,gave full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the masses,and demonstrated the Communist Party’s strong mobilization and organizational capabilities in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.During the period of the Republic of China,Western medicine was increasingly accepted and supported by the official government,while traditional Chinese medicine was neglected and even "abolished".Under the environment of the government of the Republic of China"suppressing China and promoting the west",in the face of the lack of western medicine and the deep-rooted traditional Chinese medicine in the vast mountainous area and rural areas,Yan Xishan chose to support the development of Chinese medicine in Shanxi,and founded China’s first local government-run Chinese medicine The association "Traditional Chinese Medicine Improvement Research Association",which actively participated in the prevention and control of the plague in Linxian County in 1924.The government of Yan Xishan combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine to jointly promote the development of Shanxi’s epidemic prevention work,and developed a series of more effective epidemic prevention methods in practice.The base areas of the CCP are generally located in the vast rural areas in remote mountainous areas.In the case of insufficient medical resources and limited own strength,the policy of "combining Chinese and Western medicine" and "unifying Chinese and Western medicine" is proposed.The policy unites the majority of Chinese medicine practitioners,attaches importance to the practical role of Chinese medicine in rural areas;attaches importance to the unity of Western medicine and Chinese medicine,reconciles the contradictions between Chinese and Western medicine circles,and makes them learn from each other.As a principle for handling the relationship between Chinese and Western medicine,the policy of "solidarity and cooperation between Chinese and Western medicine"is not only a need to unite and unite the masses and build a consolidated united front,but also a need to improve the level of treatment and jointly serve the war of resistance,thereby enhancing the combat effectiveness.Publicizing and educating the public on epidemic prevention is conducive to enhancing the public’s awareness and understanding of epidemic diseases,and enabling the public to better cooperate with the government’s epidemic prevention requirements.The results have important implications for curbing the further spread of the epidemic.In the process of responding to the epidemic,the Yan Xishan government has established a set of routine epidemic prevention publicity and education methods as follows:1.Establish epidemic prevention workshops and organize preachers to publicize in various counties;play the role of traditional Chinese medicine in epidemic prevention publicity;2.Newspapers,periodicals and materials,to carry out health publicity and education to different groups such as ordinary people,soldiers and cadres in a targeted manner.At the same time,Yan Xishan himself has also vigorously promoted relevant epidemic prevention knowledge.The health and epidemic prevention propaganda of the Yan Xishan government is more routine.This propaganda is mainly reflected in the fact that it focuses on people’s own health problems,and the political intention to win over and appease the public through health and epidemic prevention propaganda is not strong.Taking advantage of its tradition of attaching importance to propaganda and its advantages in being good at propaganda,the CCP seized the food issue that the masses care about most,and organically combined the study of health and epidemic prevention knowledge with the mass production movement.In this way,the CCP not only solves the problem of food and clothing for farmers through production campaigns and wins the recognition of farmers,but also successfully popularizes the common sense of hygiene and epidemic prevention to achieve the purpose of promoting the health of the people,gaining the support of the masses,and enhancing political influence.By controlling the puppet government,the Japanese army carried out medical and health care work to the people in the devastated occupied areas,with the intention of preventing the spread of the epidemic.This work can not only "pacify" the hearts of the people,but also consolidate the results of the war and stabilize colonial rule.Sanitation and epidemic prevention belong to the category of public health.Public health is not a simple "medical problem",but a public policy.The essence of public policy is also politics,so health and epidemic prevention is closely related to politics.In the area of epidemic prevention,the administrative forces of the state and the government come forward for isolation and prevention and control,which is much faster and more effective than the spontaneous organization of individuals and social groups;the choice of the treatment method for epidemic diseases(traditional Chinese medicine or Western medicine)is affected by the government’s policy orientation As a result,the fate of traditional Chinese medicine will also change;strengthening publicity and education to the public will help the public to improve their understanding of the epidemic,thereby improving the public’s cooperation in epidemic prevention and promoting the implementation of epidemic prevention policies. |
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