High-Throughput Sequencing Analysis Of Facial Microbial Community In Patients With Moderate Acne Vulgaris Between Prior-Therapy And Post-Therapy Of 2% Supramolecular Salicylic Acid

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of 2% supramolecular salicylic acid in the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris;To analyze the difference of microbial community of facial skin between patients with moderate acne vulgaris and healthy individuals;To contrast the changes of microbial community in acne lesions before and after treatment with 2% supramolecular salicylic acid;To study whether the microbial community of acne patients tends to be normal after treatment with 2% supramolecular salicylic acid.Methods: 30 patients with moderate Acne vulgaris were given skin lesion count,GAGS score,facial skin swab and treated by 2% supramolecular salicylic acid mask and gel.After 8 weeks of treatment,the skin lesions count and GAGS score were performed again and 30 swab samples were taken again;And recruited of 10 cases of healthy volunteers,and take facial skin swabs.Extracted total DNA from 70 skin swab samples and amplified it by PCR,purified the PCR products and build library,sequenced it by PE250 sequencing platform.After the splicing and filtering of reads,the sequences were denoised and chimeric removed based on Deblur algorithm to generate ASV feature table and feature sequence.We used Histogram,Heat map、Wenn map、Sankey diagram and Species classification tree to reveal the species composition of microbial community.Alpha diversity was carried out by calculating Chao1,Simpson,Shannon and Faith’s PD to evaluate the diversity of samples,which was displayed by box diagram.Testing significance of differences between groups through Variance analysis and Duncan test;Beta diversity was carried out by PCo A and Variance analysis to study the differences between groups;Testing significance of differences between groups through Anosim and Per MANOVA analysis;Lefse analysis was used to find species with significant differences between groups.Results:1.After 8 weeks of treatment,The total lesion count and GAGS score of the acne group were significantly lower than those before treatment(P < 0.001).Two patients had mild dryness and desquamation and recovered spontaneously.2.A total of 70 samples were sequenced,and 2361048 effective sequences were obtained,with 2557 ASV(Amplicon Sequence Variant)clusters,annotated as 2 Kingdom,33 Phylum,59 Classes,116 Orders,201 Families,478 Genuses and 189 Species.The Rarefaction Curve showed that the sequencing depth was sufficient.3.The microbial community composition analysis showed that there was little difference among the three groups at the Phylum level,but at other levels,the relative abundance of dominant bacteria in acne group before treatment accounted for most of the proportion,and the distribution was uneven compared with acne group after treatment and control group.There were 794 ASV in acne group after treatment,which was significantly higher than control group and acne group before treatment.4.Alpha Diversity indicated that the richness and evenness of species in Acne group before treatment were significantly lower than those in acne group after treatment and control group(P < 0.001).5.Beta Diversity indicated that acne group after treatment has deviated from acne group before treatment and obviously tends to control group.There were significant differences in microbial communities between acne group before treatment and acne group after treatment,acne group before treatment and control group(P < 0.001),while there was no significant difference between acne group after treatment and control group.6.Lefse analysis showed that the characteristic microorganisms of acne group before treatment were Rolstonia and aquatic bacteria.Conclusion:1.2% supramolecular salicylic acid in the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris can effectively reduce the number of skin lesions with less adverse reactions.2.The microbial community of patients with moderate acne vulgaris was significantly different from that of healthy individuals,and the richness and evenness of species of patients with acne were significantly lower than those of healthy individuals.3.The characteristic microorganisms of the skin of moderate acne vulgaris patients were Ralstonia and Enhydrobacter.4.After 2% supramolecular salicylic acid was applied to patients with moderate acne vulgaris,the microbial community was significantly different from that before treatment,and the species richness and evenness were significantly higher than those before treatment.5.The skin microbial community of patients with moderate acne vulgaris tended to be normal after using 2% supramolecular salicylic acid.