Analysis On The Distribution Characteristics Of Hospitalized Patients Of Infectious Diseases In The Fourth People’s Hospital Of Nanning During The Period From 2014 To 2020

Background An infectious disease,also known as a communicable disease,is an illness that able to transmit among the hosts.Infections can be caused by various pathogens and results in different symptoms.Some signs of infection may affect the entire body or specific to individual organs.Under the increasing threat to the health of humans and other species or even their lives,every country has made a lot of efforts to control and manage the spread of infectious diseases.In order to understand the distribution characteristics of infectious diseases,Nanning,as a city located in a tropical area with a concentrated population and pleasant environments,is a good option for conducting the analysis.And particularly,the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning,a specialized hospital in treating types of infectious diseases,offers multiple functions of medical treatment,prevention,health care,and rehabilitation.From the recent observations in that hospital,the number of hospitalization patients has gradually increased because of infectious diseases.Objectives The impact factors relative to the infectious diseases in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning have been summarized during the period from 2014 to 2020,which include the number of hospitalized patients and their hospital stay,regional distribution of their locations,and their variation tendency.The clinical features and the characteristics of typical infectious diseases have also been discussed.According to that,this study is aiming to provide the data analysis as a reference for resource reallocation of the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning,in order to make better use of the hospital’s sickbeds,wards,and other treatments,and also offer efficient medical personnel service.Moreover,this analysis can be a guidance for the infectious disease prevention in the whole city,and the scientific reference for developing the control strategies and measures.Research Methodology Basing on the method of epidemiological descriptive research,the inpatient cases of infectious diseases in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning have been divided in terms of their regions,hospital stay,and classes.The healthy circumstances of the patients and any relative potential illness have been actually studied and described as well.The inpatient distribution of infectious disease can be easily analyzed by dividing the research subjects into disease and health.Research Results 1.From 2014 to 2020,the total number of patients treated in Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning was 52329.The treated cases in the year 2020 were the lowest with the number of 5522,and the highest patient number 8968 in 2019.The tendency of the infected patients was continually increasing year by year in the period from 2014 to 2019,but with a dramatic decrease in the year 2020.2.Regarding the classification of infectious diseases,there was a null case for Class A infectious diseases.The infected cases in Class B infectious diseases within 17 different types and Class C infectious diseases within 8 different types are 36017 and 16317,which were 68.83% and 31.17% of total hospitalized patients with infectious diseases in the recent 7 years,respectively.(3)Classifying in the routes of transmission in the recent 7 years,4 different diseases infect people through the transmissions of blood and sex,occupied 22.16% of total hospitalized patients with infectious diseases;and the percentages of 7 kinds of respiratory diseases,5 kinds of enteric diseases and 5 kinds of natural foci&insect-borne diseases were 47.94%,24.25% and 1.44%,respectively.Others are occupied 4.21% in the total hospitalized patients with infectious diseases.3.In the past 7 years,the death toll of infectious disease patients in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning was 1242.(1)The highest number of deaths occurred in 2019 with 266 cases,accounting for 21.42% of the total number of deaths;and the number of deaths was the lowest in 2015,accounting for 9.58%.The tendency of the death number was growing year by year.(2)Among them,1223 cases died because of Class B infectious diseases,with a case fatality rate of 98.47%.Five cases died because of Class C infectious diseases,with a case fatality rate of 0.4%.Fourteen cases died due to other infectious diseases,with a fatality rate of 1.13%.4.In terms of the distribution characteristics,it can be mainly divided into four factors:(1)hospital stay,the number of hospitalized patients with infectious diseases in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning fluctuated irregularly.The peak period was during the time of April to July,in January,and in December.The time in February and in November has the lowest number of hospitalized patients;(2)the location distribution,the districts in the city of Nanning,like Xining,Xixiang Tang,Qingxiu,Jiangnan,Liangqing,Yongning,and the area of Nanning Economic &Technological Development Zone,had the highest infection rate with 60.35%,which also included the place of Mashan Country.The following infection rate is 31.06% happening outside of Nanning City.Other areas around Ninning like Heng Country,Shanglin Country,Binyang Country,Wuming Country,Long-an Country,and Nanning High-tech Development&ASEAN Economic Development Zone,occupied 8.59%.(3)The ratio of male patients to female patients was 2.07:1.The ages of infected patients were concentrated in-between the year of 0-10 years old and above 50 years old.The top three occupations of infected people were farmers,children,and domestic unemployed workers.(4)Respiratory diseases,like Tuberculosis,mumps,influenza,and scarlet fever,have been rising in recent years.The number of hospitalized cases in 2018 was 53 and it increased to 79 in 2019.The cases of whooping cough have not been seen in the hospital in the consecutive four years.When the pandemic of COVID-19 occurred in 2020,the number of hospitalized cases was 49.And the Hepatitis transmitted through the blood and sex has been decreasing year by year,while syphilis,AIDS,and dengue fever have been showing an increasing tendency.Moreover,the enteric diseases trend to be wavery and 95.72% of the total infections were due to the Hand-Foot and Mouth Disease(HFMD).In the range of 2015 to 2019,it started from the increasing tendency but became decreased from 2018.The lowest point occurred in the year 2019.A few sporadic cases appeared among the natural foci and insect-borne diseases.The main infectious diseases were including hemorrhagic fever,rabies,brucellosis,malaria and dengue fever.The top three percentages of infectious diseases were dengue fever with 70.46% occupation,malaria with 20.03% and brucellosis with 6.63%.There were only a few sporadic cases of dengue fever each year in the consecutive five years.But the cases increased to 208 cases in 2019.5.Features of the main infectious diseases: in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning,infectious diseases can be classified as Tuberculosis(TB),Hepatitis,and AIDS.The average hospitalization expenses and hospital stay of AIDS are listed in the No.1 position.Tuberculosis(TB)is the second most costly and third in the average hospital stay.Then,Hepatitis is the third position in average hospitalization expenses with a second average hospital stay.Conclusions and Suggestions 1.In the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning,due to the increasing cases of the main infectious diseases like Tuberculosis,hepatitis B,AIDS,and HFMD,more related courses or trainings should be added for enhancing the abilities of the medical staffs.The more spare inpatient wards for the Tuberculosis patients,and also the outbreak of the patients with virulent infectious diseases,need to be prepared,then the infected patients can be hospitalized immediately.Releasing the stress from for increasing patients of Hepatitis and AIDS by adding the needing of patients sickbeds.2.Among the infected patients,the number of males is higher than the number of female patients.Particularly,the people in the age between 0 to 10 years old and the age above 50 years old,are more easily infected by infectious diseases according to the patients’ situation in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning.Therefore,the health education and the knowledge of infectious diseases need to be spread to the public,especially to the children and old people,in order to enhance health literacy and prevent the spreading of infectious diseases.3.The laborers in the remote countries are easily infected as they are lack of knowledge of infectious diseases.And the awareness of preventing the spread of infectious diseases should be improved in the countryside,also with building the network treatment systems.4.The hospitalization expense is a concern for the patients infected byTuberculosis(TB),Hepatitis,and AIDS,since the price has been increasing year by year.Taking the responsibility of public health,the hospital needs to consider that reducing the budget of treatments and encouraging the patients for further consultation.5.Strengthen the capacity of the major public health emergencies reactions,especially the ability to prevent and control the spreading of COVID-19.Allocating the medical and health resources for ensuring the comprehensive improvement of the infectious diseases treatments.Training the talented and skilled people for the preparation of the outbreak of infectious diseases.