| This article uses a microclimate positioning observation system to continuously and automatically observe and record meteorological factors such as daily average rainfall,average humidity,effective accumulated temperature,air temperature,maximum temperature,minimum temperature,10cm ground temperature,and photosynthetic irradiance at10 sampling points in 8 tea gardens in Anxi County for 24 hours throughout the entire growth season.At the same time,the soil p H,organic matter,total phosphorus,total nitrogen,total potassium,available phosphorus,available nitrogen,and available potassium content at each sampling point are also detected,By using methods such as partial least squares regression analysis and linear optimization,a systematic study was conducted on the correlation between the main ecological factors（meteorological and soil factors）in tea gardens and the content of gallic acid（Gallic acid,GA）in fresh leaves of Tieguanyin tea trees,the biological yield of tea trees,and the quality of tea.The key ecological factors affecting the content of gallic acid（GA）in fresh leaves of Tieguanyin tea trees,the biological yield and quality of tea trees were identified,and an ecological factor optimization plan was formed,Provide technical parameter basis for tea tree planting in the field,optimizing agricultural management in the field,regulating microclimate conditions in tea gardens,and indoor industrialized tea tree cultivation.The main results are as follows:1 The content of gallic acid（GA）in fresh tea leaves is comprehensively affected by the highest temperature,daily average rainfall,average humidity,total potassium,soil p H,and available nitrogenThe highest temperature is the key leading factor affecting the content of Gallic acid（GA）in Tieguanyin tea plants.The cumulative VIP value of the impact on the annual Gallic acid content is 4.83,which positively affects the GA content of tea plants in spring,summer and autumn;The daily average rainfall is positively correlated with the GA content in autumn,while the GA content in summer and autumn is positively affected by the average humidity.The total potassium content positively affects the GA content of fresh leaves in spring,while soil p H and soil available nitrogen content are positively correlated with the GA content of fresh leaves in spring,summer,and autumn.The cumulative VIP value of total potassium on GA content is 3.90,which is the key leading factor affecting the GA content of Tieguanyin tea plant.2 Daily average rainfall,average temperature,photosynthetic irradiance,and effective accumulated temperature are key meteorological factors that affect the biological yield of Tieguanyin tea treesThe daily average rainfall positively affects the biological yield of tea plants in spring and autumn,and is the key leading factor affecting the biological yield of Tieguanyin tea plants.Its cumulative VIP value is 3.60;The average temperature and photosynthetic Irradiance are important factors affecting the biological yield of tea plants.They are positively correlated with the biological yield in spring,and negatively correlated with the biological yield in summer and autumn;Effective accumulated temperature is a key factor affecting the germination density and biological yield of tea trees in summer and autumn;It can be seen that sufficient precipitation,suitable temperature,and light are beneficial for the growth of new tea shoots and increase tea tree yield.3 Soil pH,available nitrogen,and organic matter are key soil factors affecting the biological yield of Tieguanyin tea treesAvailable nitrogen is a key dominant factor affecting the biological yield of tea trees,with a cumulative VIP value of 3.60.It is positively correlated with the biological yield of tea trees in summer and autumn,and positively correlated with the total nitrogen in spring;Soil p H has a consistent negative impact on the yield indexes in spring and autumn,and organic matter has a positive impact on the yield of tea trees in spring,both of which are important soil factors affecting the biological yield of Tieguanyin tea trees.The GA content in fresh tea leaves is highly significantly negatively correlated with the biological yield of tea trees in spring,and significantly positively correlated with the biological yield of tea trees in summer.4 Average humidity and photosynthetic irradiance are key meteorological factors that affect the comprehensive sensory evaluation scores of Tieguanyin teaThe average humidity is the key leading factor affecting the comprehensive score of sensory evaluation of Tieguanyin tea,and the cumulative VIP value for the comprehensive score of sensory evaluation of finished tea is 3.07.Photosynthetic Irradiance has a negative impact on the shape,aroma,color,taste and leaf bottom of the sensory quality of Tieguanyin tea,which is an important factor affecting the comprehensive score of sensory evaluation of Tieguanyin tea.5 Soil pH,available potassium,and available phosphorus are key soil factors that affect the comprehensive sensory evaluation scores of Tieguanyin teaThe soil available potassium is the key leading factor affecting the comprehensive score of sensory evaluation of Tieguanyin’s mature tea.The cumulative VIP value for the comprehensive score of the mature tea is 2.69,which is negatively related to the taste,soup color,leaf bottom and comprehensive score of Tieguanyin’s spring and autumn tea,and positively related to the shape of spring tea and the aroma of autumn tea;Soil p H is the key leading factor affecting the sensory quality of Tieguanyin autumn tea.It is negatively related to the shape and color of autumn tea,and positively related to the aroma,taste,leaf bottom and comprehensive score of autumn tea;Soil available phosphorus has a consistent positive effect on the sensory quality of Tieguanyin autumn tea,which is the key factor for the shape,color and comprehensive score of tea in spring.The GA content in tea is positively correlated with the taste of spring tea.6 Optimization Scheme for Ecological Factors Affecting GA Content,Tea Yield,and Tea Quality of Tieguanyin Tea Tree（1）Based on the LINGO linear optimization method,the optimal solution for obtaining the maximum GA content in the fresh leaves of Tieguanyin tea tree is as follows:the daily average rainfall is 7.19 mm;The average temperature is 12.19℃;The effective accumulated temperature is 926.81℃;The highest temperature is 36.40℃;The lowest temperature is 11.92℃;The average humidity is 99.86%;The ground temperature is 13.22℃;The photosynthetic irradiance is 5215.10μmol·m-2s-1。The soil p H is 4.58;The organic matter content is 10.54%;The total phosphorus content is 1.85 g·kg-1;The total potassium content is 46.31 g·kg-1;The total nitrogen content is 6.30 g·kg-1;The content of available phosphorus is 44.32 mg·kg-1;The content of available potassium is 771.69 mg·kg-1;The content of available nitrogen is 230.94mg·kg-1.（2）Based on the LINGO linear optimization method,the optimal ecological factor optimization scheme for Tieguanyin tea tree to achieve maximum biological yield and ensure optimal 100 bud weight and germination density is as follows:the daily average rainfall is 7.19 mm;The average temperature is between 25.86℃;The effective accumulated temperature is between 926.81℃;The highest temperature is 36.40℃;The lowest temperature is 20.90℃;The average humidity is 79.63%;The ground temperature is 13.22℃;Photosynthetic irradiance at 2598.18μmol·m-2s-1.The soil p H is 5.50;The organic matter content is between10.54%;The total phosphorus content is 1.85 g·kg-1;The total potassium content is 46.31 g·kg-1;The total nitrogen content is 6.30 g·kg-1;The content of available phosphorus is between 44.32 mg·kg-1;The content of available potassium is 771.69 mg·kg-1;The content of available nitrogen is 111.49 mg·kg-1.（3）Based on the LINGO linear optimization method,the ecological factor optimization scheme that maximizes the comprehensive sensory evaluation score of Tieguanyin tea and ensures that the scores of tea appearance,aroma,taste,soup color,and leaf bottom all maintain the optimal values is:the daily average rainfall is 3.84 mm;The average temperature is between 19.57℃;The effective accumulated temperature is 189.60℃;The highest temperature is 36.40℃;The lowest temperature is 20.90℃;The average humidity is 76.96%;The ground temperature is 29.52℃;Photosynthetic irradiance at 2598.18μmol·m-2s-1.The soil p H is 4.58;The organic matter content is 10.54%;The total phosphorus content is 1.85 g·kg-1;The total potassium content is 46.31 g·kg-1;The total nitrogen content is 6.30 g·kg-1;The content of available phosphorus is 16.57 mg·kg-1;The content of available potassium is 378.35 mg·kg-1;The content of available nitrogen is 157.59mg·kg-1.Creating the meteorological and soil environment required for the growth of Tieguanyin tea trees mentioned above will be beneficial for the growth and quality improvement of Tieguanyin tea trees in Anxi County.The data from this study shows that the biological yield and sensory quality of tea trees are more affected by meteorological factors than soil factors,and the GA content of fresh tea leaves is more affected by soil factors than meteorological factors. |
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