Epidemiological Investigation Of Bovine Piroplasmosis And Identification Of Vector Ticks In The 3th Division Of XPCC(CPCC-the Third Division Of Xinjiang Production And Construction Corps)

Objective: Pyroplasma pyriformis can parasitize and schizogenize in many vertebrates with ticks as its vector.Piriform infection may lead to jaundice and fever,anemia,emaciation and other symptoms of the host.Symptoms caused by severe acute infection may cause death of the host.Due to the hidden spread of piriform disease,which is difficult to prevent and control,there is no specific drug in the market that can effectively alleviate the symptoms caused by piriform infection in domestic animals and completely eliminate piriform infection in infected domestic animals.As far as the current situation is concerned,the best solution is to do a good job of epidemiological investigation and predict the large-scale infection of piroplasma in advance,do a good job of preventing and killing ticks,and treat domestic animals after infection.According to the different prevalence of piriform disease in different regions,the local departments concerned can use vaccination to prevent large-scale outbreak of piriform disease.This experiment carried out an epidemiological survey of piriform disease in the third division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,and the results obtained can better provide data support for the prevention and control of piriform disease in the third division.Methods:(1)227 bovine blood samples were obtained from 8 sampling points in the Third Division and its surrounding areas by simple random sampling,and 75 of the imported bovine blood samples from Europe were retained.Different genetic markers and PCR techniques were used to distinguish different species and genera of piroplasma bovis,and phylogenetic trees were constructed after sequencing.After analyzing the data,the epidemic situation of piroplasma bovis in the Third Division was obtained.(2)A total of 215 ticks were collected from 8 sampling points in the Third Division and its surrounding areas.The samples were morphologically identified by optical microscope,and the molecular biological identification of PCR was carried out with 16 S r RNA specific primers of ticks.The specific species of pyriform carried by the third division’s vector ticks and different ticks were identified,and the data report of the vector ticks and the pyriform carried by different ticks in the Third Division was obtained.Results:(1)This sampling survey found that the total infection rate of piroplasma in the cattle herd in the Third Division was 51.32%.Among them,the positive rate of the samples collected in the farms and pastures was 55.07%,all of which were infected by Theileria annulata;The positive rate of blood samples from imported cattle was 40%.Only one case was infected with Theileria orientalis,and the rest were infected with Theileria annulata.No Babesia infection was found in all samples.According to the results of this sample collection only,the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in 49 regiments is 73.68%,the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in 41 regiments is 50.00%,the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in 44 regiments is 67.65%,the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in 50 regiments is 37.78%,the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in 53 regiments is 52.17%,the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in Dongfeng Farm is 45.00%,the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in Hongqi Farm is 60.00%,and the infection rate of piroplasma bovis in Jiashi General Factory is 63.64%.respectively;According to the sequence comparison and phylogenetic tree construction,it was found that the sequenced Theileria annulata had 100% homology with the Xinjiang strain of Theileria annulata(EU083799)and 99% homology with the Italian strain of Taylonia annularis(MT341858).The sequence of Theileria orientalis in this experiment has 99% homology with Theileria orientalis Bosnia-Herzegovina strain(ON148462).(2)The ticks collected in the third division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in this experiment include 135 Hyalomma anatolicum,54 Rhipicephalus turanicus,13 Hyalomma asiaticum,8 Hyalomma rufipes,4 Hyalomma scupense,and 1 Rhipicephalus sanguineus.The 18 Sr RNA primer was used to detect piroplasma carried by ticks.The total carrying rate of piroplasma ixodes was 41.39%.86 ticks carried Theileria annulata,10 ticks carried Babesia.occultans,3 ticks carried Theileria ovis,and 1 tick carried Babesia.sp.There is a case that a tick carries a variety of piriform insects.The individuals of Hyalomma anatolicum,Rhipicephalus turanicus,Hyalomma scupense,Hyalomma rufipes,Hyalomma asiaticumhave been found to carry Theileria annulata.Glaucoma minor has also been found to carry Babesia.occultans,Theileria ovis,and Babesia.sp,and one individual sample of Rhipicephalus turanicus has been found to carry Babesia.vogeli canis.