Effects Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus On Growth Characteristics,Yield And AMF Infection Rate Of Wheat||Pea

At present,the high yield of wheat in our country mainly depends on high level management of water and fertilizer,and the use of intercropping to stabilize even increase the yield of crops is of great significance to find a sustainable high-yield method in modern agriculture.In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen application rates and phosphorus application rates on the growth characteristics and yield of spring wheat and peas both in monocropping and intercropping,and to explore the effect on infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF).This experiment adopted 4 different levels of nitrogen application rates in the experimental plot:0 kg/hm~2(N0)、90 kg/hm~2(N1)、180 kg/hm~2(N2)、270 kg/hm~2(N3)and 3 different levels of phosphorus application rates:0 kg/hm~2(P0)、45 kg/hm~2(P1)、90 kg/hm~2(P2),which were used to study the dynamic changes of agronomic trait,biomass,the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus,yield,and the infection rate of AMF both in spring wheat and peas.There were following results:1.With the increase of nitrogen application,the effective tiller rate of spring wheat increased at first and then decreased,which reached the highest level at N2.For peas,Intercropping significantly reduced the plant height of peas.The plant heights of peas reached the highest level at N3 both in intercropping and monocropping,which was significantly higher than other nitrogen levels.The number of tillers of wheat was affected by the level of phosphorus application.With the increase of phosphorus application rate,the number of tillers gradually increased under different levels of phosphorus application.Intercropping increases the number of wheat tillers,but the difference was not significant.2.The above-ground biomass of spring wheat and peas at different levels of nitrogen application was increased with the increasing of nitrogen application rate.Intercropping and nitrogen application rate had significant effects on the key growth parameters of wheat and peas.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,spring wheat’s value of theoretical maximum biomass(A)increased,and reached the maximum at the level of N2 both in monocropping and intercropping.The spring wheat’s maximum growth rate time(xc)reached the maximum both in monocropping and intercropping at the level of N2,and intercropping decreased peas’ theoretical maximum biomass.Phosphorus application rate and intercropping had significant effects on key growth parameters of spring wheat and peas.Applying appropriate phosphorus fertilizer and intercropping could increase theoretical maximum biomass of spring wheat.With the increase of phosphorus application rate,maximum growth rate time of spring wheat increased in monocropping while decreased in intercropping.With the increase of phosphorus application rate,theoretical maximum biomass of peas increased in monocropping while decreased in intercropping.With the increase of phosphorus application,theoretical maximum growth rate time of peas increased in monocropping while decreased in intercropping.There was a preferable way of intercropping to staggered the peak growth periods of wheat and peas.3.The plant’s nitrogen concentration of wheat gradually decreased as the growth advanced,and the plant’s nitrogen concentration of peas increased at first and then decreased as the growth period advanced.The nitrogen accumulation of monocropping wheat was mainly affected by the nitrogen application rate,and the overall nitrogen accumulation showed an increasing trend With the increase of nitrogen application rate.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,nitrogen concentration of wheat increased,and intercropping improved the accumulation of wheat at the same level of nitrogen application rate.The plant’s nitrogen accumulation of peas was affected by the level of nitrogen application rate,and nitrogen application rate could improve plant’s nitrogen accumulation of peas.Intercropping could increase plant’s nitrogen accumulation at the same level of nitrogen application rate compared with monocropping.Plant’s phosphorus concentration of Spring wheat was consistent with phosphorus application rete in the tendency,and there were significant differences between phosphorus application treatments.Plant’s phosphorus concentration of peas in intercropping was higher than monocropping by different methods.Phosphorus application rate and planting methods effected the plant’s phosphorus concentration of peas: With the increase of nitrogen application rate,plant’s phosphorus concentration of peas increased by different planting methods,and there were significant differences among levels of nitrogen application rate.Plant’s phosphorus concentration of peas in intercropping had a higher level than monocropping,and represented the significant difference at the level of P2.4.The AMF infection rate of wheat and peas advanced with the growing period,and the infection rate reached the maximum after 90 days of sowing.Intercropping and nitrogen application rate had a significant effect on AMF infection rate.Intercropping increased AMF infection rate of wheat and reduced AMF infection of peas.Intercropping and phosphorus application rate had a significant effect on AMF infection rate.Intercropping increased the AMF infection rate of wheat and reduced the AMF infection of peas.5.Wheat in intercropping had significant advantages of field at the same level of nitrogen application rate,and wheat in intercropping had a significant difference at the level of N1 and N2 compared with in monocropping.The field of peas in intercropping was significant lower than that in monocropping.In intercropping,the yield of spring wheat and peas present when the nitrogen application rate reached 180kg/hm~2.In production practice,recommended nitrogen application rate should be 180 kg/hm~2.Phosphorus application rate and planting methods effect tillers of spring wheat and,therefore,effect field of spring wheat;With the increase of phosphorus application rate,the yield of peas increased.The field of peas in intercropping was significant lower than that in monocropping.The yield of spring wheat and peas presented best when the phosphate fertilizer application rate reached 90 kg/hm~2.In production practice,recommended phosphate application rate should be 90 kg/hm~2.In the spring wheat and pea intercropping mode,the recommended application rate of 180 kg/hm~2 nitrogen application rates and 90 kg/hm~2 phosphate application rates.