A Study On Soil Quality Cognition And Fertilization Behavior Of Farmers

Soil is one of the basic means of agricultural production and plays a very important role in the sustainable development of agriculture.The reason why soil can supply nutritious for agricultural products depends on the composition of fertilizer,which is also the material basis for the sustainable development of agriculture.However,the current fertilization level of China is much higher than the safety limits recognized by developed countries.Excessive fertilizer that were invested into the soil will lead to fertilizer reduction in the soil and to the decline of soil quality.In 2021,the No.1 central document puts forward the plan of "implementing the national black earth protection project".Therefore,it is very important to apply fertilizer reasonably and improve soil quality,and farmers’ cognition and fertilization behaviors directly affect the soil quality,so we need to pay attention to it.Based on the household survey data of Beizhen City,Liaoning Province in 2020,this paper attempts to study its impact on Farmers’ cognition of soil quality from the perspective of fertilization behaviors.Firstly,the cognition of farmers’ soil quality and fertilization behaviors were analyzed,and the cognition of farmers’ soil quality and fertilization characteristics were found;Secondly,the simultaneous equation model of farmers’ fertilization behavior and soil quality cognition was constructed,and the three-stage least square method was used to empirically test the relationship between them;Thirdly,we explored the formation mechanism of farmers’ soil quality cognition,verified the formation mechanism of farmers’ soil quality cognition from two aspects of human capital and social capital,and explored whether farmers’ fertilization behaviors were affected by neighborhoods’ fertilization behaviors,so as to verify whether farmers’ soil quality cognition formation was affected by surrounding neighborhoods’ soil quality cognition;Finally,based on the above research conclusions,the corresponding suggestions were put forward.The results show that farmers believe that the more fertilization,the better soil quality,indicating that farmers have a cognitive "abnormal" phenomenon,which is not "knowing then doing",but "doing then knowing".Secondly,human capital and social capital may be the explanation of the abnormal phenomenon that farmers "knowing then doing".On the contrary,the abnormal phenomenon of farmers’ cognition of soil quality with higher human capital and social capital will disappear.Specifically,farmers with higher education,agricultural training and large social network do not have cognitive abnormalities,and do not believe that the more fertilization,the better soil quality.Finally,farmers’ fertilization behaviors are affected by their neighborhoods,especially those who live close to them.There is a neighborhood effect,which may lead to the abnormal phenomenon.Finally,after drawing relevant conclusions,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the perspective of farmers,government and large planting households.From the perspective of farmers,they should actively participate in agricultural training,in order to improve their planting abilities and expand their professional qualities;Expand the social scope,make more friends and communicate more with professionals who belongs to agriculture related fields;Constantly strive to learn relevant professional knowledge and improve cognitive abilities.From the perspective of the government,they should provide agricultural training for farmers,establish farmers’ correct cognitive conceptions and improve farmers’ production skills;Standardize large planting households’ behavior and pay attention to the leading role of large planting households.From the perspective of large planting households,they should actively develop ourselves,play a role on the demonstration for farmers,drive the surrounding farmers to produce fertilization amounts scientifically and protect the lands.