Research On Farmers’ Under-Forest Management Efficiency And Its Influencing Factors From The Perspective Of Social Capital

According to the Eighth National Forest Resources Inventory Report,China’s collective woodland area accounts for 60%of the total woodland area of the country.Collective woodland play an important role in maintaining ecological security and regional economic and social development.Inner Mongolia is the province with the largest collective woodland area in China.The development of collective woodland plays an important role in regional ecological construction and increasing farmers’ income.The reform of the collective forest rights system in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region began in 2004 and the main tasks have been completed in 2014.Farmers have acquired woodland management rights and forest ownership.How to make the collective woodland bring the actual benefits to the farmers while undertaking the ecological construction function,and achieve the coordinated development of ecological benefits and economic benefits,which has become an urgent problem to be solved.As a new form of forestry management,under-forest economy can overcome the shortage of long-term investment in forestry production and the high operational risk.At the same time,it protects forest resources,increases the income of forest farmers,consolidates the results of collective forest rights reform,and promotes green economy growth.It is of great significance.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the efficiency of farmers’ under-forest management and its influencing factors to promote the development of under-forest economy.Based on the field research data of Aohan Banner in Inner Mongolia,this study used DEA model to measure the efficiency of under-forest planting,under-forest breeding and cultivated land planting in Aohan Banner,and compared the operational efficiency of the three.The Tobit model is used to empirically analyze the impact of material capital,human capital and social capital investment on the efficiency of farmers’ under-forest management.The social capital theory is used to analyze the impact of different dimensions of social capital on the efficiency of farmers’ under-forest management.Based on the above research,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Most of the above-mentioned three types of operational activities are in a non-incremental scale return state(the scale returns are the same or the scale returns are diminished),and cultivated land planting efficiency and under-forest operation efficiency is not high,and its comprehensive ficiency and pure technical efficiency value are lower than the corresponding scale efficiency values.(2)In the under-forest planting activities,social capital mainly affects the pure technical efficiency.In the under-forest breeding activities,social networks and reciprocity have a significant impact on the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.(3)From the perspective of the different dimensions of social capital,the reciprocal variable has a significant positive impact on the overall efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of under-forest planting and under-forest breeding.Trust has no significant positive impact on the efficiency of under-forest management.Public participation has a significant negative impact on the efficiency of under-forest planting,and there is no significant impact on the efficiency of under-forest breeding.Based on the above research conclusions and field research,the following countermeasures are proposed:(1)Improve the grassroots management system of collective forest areas and improve the rural information network.(2)Actively expand regional social networks and explore the important role of mobilizing social networks for inter-regional resource allocation.(3)Transforming traditional development methods and encouraging the development of new business entities.(4)Improve the socialized service system supporting the under-forest economy.