Research On China’s Penaeus Vannamei Industry Value Chain

South America white shrimp,scientific name,marina prawns,is currently one of the most important economic shrimp in the world,also is our country sea freshwater bulk breeding,raise its accounts for over 70% of the amount of prawn breeding in our country,occupy the important position of aquaculture in our country,our country South America white shrimp farming production ranks first in the world,is the first of six major producer in the world at the same time,our country South America white shrimp industry chain has been formed from farming,fishing,processing,transportation,marketing,etc.A complete industrial chain system.However,the South American white shrimp industry is also facing a number of challenges,such as the continued severe disease situation,low shrimp prices,imported and smuggled shrimp impact on the market.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the industry value chain of Penaeus vannamei and explore the value-added characteristics of the value chain to analyze the impact of value activities of each link in the value chain,adjust the industrial structure and promote the sustainable development of the industry of Penaeus vannamei.In this paper,the value activities,the structure of value added and the causes of formation of the value chain of Penaeus vannaeus in China were deeply analyzed by field investigation method.Based on field investigation and study,the South America white shrimp industry value chain can be defined as a value-added chain,from South America white shrimp farming to the consumer,mainly includes four phases,namely South America white shrimp breeding and cultivation,processing,circulation and consumption of main chain and the fisheries scientific research,technology popularization,fishing supplies,fishery insurance,financial support of auxiliary chain.Based on the main circulation situation of Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province,two main organization modes of the industrial chain of white prawn in China were determined,which were "seedling enterprise-raiser-wholesaler-retailer-consumer" and "seedling enterprise-raiser-processing factory-retailer-consumer".Through the comparative analysis of the value-added characteristics of the two different value chains,the following conclusions are drawn:Is given priority to with the processing of the value chain of value increment and the total profit is higher than normal circulation value-added value chain,presents the characteristics of high investment high returns,and farmers is the high investment and low return type,in both the values of the proportion of is low,and easily affected by market prices and demand change,the value of value-added displays unstable characteristics.(2)The total value added of the value chain based on processing is higher than that based on aquaculture.The total value added of the second value chain is about 1.41 times that of the first value chain.The production activities of processing enterprises increase the total value of products to a certain extent.(3)The total profit of the value chain mainly based on processing is higher than that of the value chain mainly based on aquaculture.The total profit of the second value chain is about 1.6 times of that of the first value chain.In view of the above conclusions,according to "the value-added proportion of the aquaculture link of Penaeus vannamei is high and the profit distribution is low".Suggestions for the optimization of breeding links are put forward.At the same time,in order to extend the industrial chain,improve the circulation rate of the whole value chain,and improve the comprehensive benefits of the whole industrial chain,optimization suggestions are also given from the circulation,processing and other links.Specifically including: the establishment of South American white shrimp industry research and development system,strengthen the seedling research and development;Improve breeding technology,implement intensive management strategy;Guide farmers to develop together with upstream and downstream links or related organizations;Improve the logistics hardware facilities,strengthen the logistics soft power;Unimpeded sales circulation system,improve the information network system;The introduction of advanced equipment,improve processing technology,enhance the added value of products;Implement brand strategy,extend the industrial chain;Carrying out trade exhibitions and expos.