The Development And Psychometric Assessment Of Home Care Needs Scale For Obese Patients After Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery

Objective: To develop the home care needs scale for obese patients after metabolic and bariatric surgery,which is suitable for Chinese cultural background,and test the reliability and validity.Methods:1.We chose the purposive sampling method for the qualitative study.We invited patients after metabolic and bariatric surgery in a third-level hospital in Shenyang to conduct interviews from February to May 2019.We have an in-depth understanding of the experience and needs of obese patients during home rehabilitation after metabolic and bariatric surgery through the interviews,and we analyzed the data using traditional content analysis.2.We collated the results of qualitative studies and literature reviews,and we referred to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.We developed the initial scale of home care needs for obese patients after metabolic and bariatric surgery.Through Delphi method,experts in the fields of the metabolic and bariatric surgery were invited to assess the scale.We discussed and revised the items and dimensions of the scale repeatedly according to experts’ opinions and data analysis results.We developed the clinical test of the scale of home care needs for obese patients after metabolic and bariatric surgery.We chose the convenience sampling method to conduct the survey from December 2019 to October2020.We conducted a questionnaire survey on 200 patients who underwent reexamination at least 3 months after metabolic and bariatric surgery in a Grade III hospital in Shenyang,and the formal scale was formed through item analysis and reliability and validity test.Results:1.In this study,a total of 11 patients were interviewed.The results show that patients have many demands such as the need to properly deal with postoperative complications,the need to underestimate the role of rehabilitation exercise,the need for dietary management and guidance,the different emotional reactions and the expectation of the nearest review during their home care time after surgeries.2.The research team summarized the literature review results and qualitative research results,and we discussed and formed the initial scale of 30 items finally.We invited 16 experts to evaluate the scale,and we made 2 letters of the inquiries.Through the analysis,the expert authority coefficient was 0.929.This study conducted two rounds of experts’ consultation.We formed a clinical test version of the scale of 4 dimensions and 18 items.Through project analysis and exploratory factor analysis,we formed a formal scale with14 items in 4 dimensions(physiological need,psychological need,daily activity need and social support need).The total Cronbach’s α was 0.752 and the Cronbach’s α coefficients of each dimension of the scale were between 0.706 and 0.952.Qualitative research,In exploratory factor analysis,4 common factors are extracted and their cumulative contribution rate is was 81.830%,indicating that the psychometric assessment of the scale is good.Conclusion:In this study,we developed the Home Care Needs Scale for Obese Patients After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.There are 4 dimensions and 14 items in this scale.The psychological assessment of this scale is good.This scale can be used as a nursing needs assessment tool in the stage of home rehabilitation after metabolic and bariatric surgery for obese patients.