Study On The Prevalence Of Screened Myopia And Influencing Factors Among 9-18 Years Primary And Secondary Students In Anhui Province

ObjectiveTo understand the long-term trends and influencing factors of screened myopia among children and adolescents in Anhui province,and to provide a scientific basis for the focus of the next phase of myopia prevention and control work.MethodsThree cities of Hefei,Chizhou and Suzhou were selected at different levels of economic development and geographical location in Anhui Province,and the sample were randomly selected,stratified by grade and randomly selected by class.Ensure that0each age group of urban,suburban middle school and primary school students are not less than 50.A total of 5 821 primary and middle school students of Han nationality in Anhui Province were included in this study.The basic conditions of the subjects were investigated by questionnaire,and the visual acuity,spherical degree(Sphere,S)and columnar lens degree(Cylinder,C),were measured.The screening was considered as uncorrected visual acuity<5.0and equivalent spherical diopter(Spherical equivalent refraction,SER)<-0.50D without cycloplegic.By consulting the investigation report on the physique and health of students in Anhui Province in previous years,the vision data of children and adolescents in 2005,2010 and 2014 were obtained,and the dynamic trend of screened myopia in Anhui Province in recent years was analyzed.Based on the2019 survey data,?~2 test was used to compare the differences in the detection rate of screened myopia among middle school students with different demographic characteristics,and a Logistic regression model was established to adjust the effects of urban and rural areas,grades,residence,parents’education and other factors,and to analyze the effects of sleep,sitting study,video time and traffic mode on screened myopia of students of different genders.ResultsIn 2019,the detection rate of screened myopia among primary and secondary school students was 71.2%(4143 pica 5821),of which 28.6%was mild(1,667),31.8%was moderate(1851),and the height was 10.7%(625).The detection rate of screened myopia increases with the increase of age,which is higher in cities than in rural areas and higher in girls than in boys.The detection rates of screened myopia among primary and middle school students aged 9-18 in Anhui Province in 2005,2010,2014 and 2019were 41.5%,62.0%,69.4%and 71.2%,respectively(P<0.001).2019 data show that the detection rate of screened myopia is higher in girls than boys,higher in cities than in rural areas,higher in Hefei than in Chizhou and higher in Suzhou.Multivariate regression analysis showed that compared with students who had enough sleep,2h/days after school,2h/days after weekends,walking to and from school and physical education and health classes more than 2 periods per week,sleep deprivation(OR=2.021,95%CI:1.772～2.304)and more than 2h/days after school(OR=1.183)were found in students with adequate sleep,after-school sit-ins<2h/days,after-school sit-ins<2h/days,walking to and from school and physical education and health classes>2periods/week.The prevalence rate of screened myopia was higher in students with95%CI:1.019～1.375),sitting study≥2h/days after school on weekends(OR=1.453,95%CI:1.262～1.173),non-walking to and from school(OR=1.193,95%CI:1.054～1.350)and physical education and health classes less than 2periods per week(OR=1.592,95%CI:1.392～1.821).ConclusionsThe situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Anhui Province is still severe,and the prevalence of screened myopia increases with the increase of age,which is higher in girls than in boys and higher in cities than in rural areas.Sleep,outdoor activities and long-time meditation may be important influencing factors of myopia.Reducing the burden on education,ensuring adequate outdoor activities and sleep time contribute to the prevention and control of myopia.