| Objective:In this study,the main caregivers of poisoning patients were investigated by questionnaire to understand the psychological status of the main caregivers of poisoning patients,analyze the influencing factors of their psychological status,and take intervention measures to observe the changes of the psychological status of the main caregivers before and after the intervention,so as to improve the psychological status of the main caregivers,The purpose is to improve the level of care and promote the common health of drug users and their main caregivers.The intervention measures to form a standardized workflow into the department work,improve the overall quality of nursing.Methods:This is a longitudinal study.The main caregivers of drug users who were treated in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects.A total of 230 subjects were included in this study,including the general demographic data of drug users and their main caregivers,and the psychological status of the main caregivers on admission.Compared with the main caregivers themselves,the psychological changes of the main caregivers(including symptom factors and total average score of SCL-90,anxiety and depression)were observed 8 days after intervention.Descriptive statistical analysis was used to study the general demographic data of drug users and their main caregivers.Single sample t-test was used to compare the differences of symptom factors and total mean score of SCL-90 between primary caregivers and Chinese norm.Independent sample t-test,one-way ANOVA and chi square test were used to analyze the differences of symptom factors and total mean score of SCL-90 among the main caregivers of the patients.Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between social support,resilience and the total score of SCL-90.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the main influencing factors of SCL-90.Paired sample t-test was used to analyze the psychological status of the main caregivers before and after the intervention.Results:1.A total of 242 subjects were selected in this study,12 invalid questionnaires were removed,and finally 230 subjects were included.The average age of primary caregivers was 40.41 ± 10.14 years old,including 101 females(43.9%)and 129 males(56.1%).On the day of admission,the symptom factors and total average score of SCL-90 were as follows:somatization score was 1.66±0.56,obsessive-compulsive symptom score 2.05±0.47,interpersonal sensitivity score 1.77±0.54,depression score 2.23 ±0.46,anxiety score 1.90 ±0.52,hostility score 1.68±0.66,terror symptom score 1.56 ± 0.61,paranoid score 1.76±0.56,psychotic score 1.66±0.57,the total average score was 1.83 ± 0.44.The score of each symptom factor and the total average score were higher than the norm.2.Univariate analysis of variance showed that the total average score of SCL-90,somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,phobic symptoms and hostile attitude of main caregivers in different age groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were significant differences in SCL-90 symptom factors and total average score among the main caregivers with different education levels except hostile attitude symptom factors(P<0.05).The main caregivers of different economic levels,except hostile attitude,phobia symptom factors,other symptom factors and the total average score were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were significant differences in symptom factors and total average score of SCL-90 among the main caregivers of only child or not(P<0.05).In addition to paranoid symptom factors,there were significant differences in SCL-90 symptom factors and total average score among the main caregivers who knew about the condition of the patients(P<0.05).There were significant differences in symptom factors and total mean score of SCL-90 among primary caregivers with different care time except hostile attitude(P<0.05).There were significant differences in somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,hostile attitude,symptom factors and total average score among the main caregivers with different days of care(P<0.05).There were significant differences in obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety and paranoid symptoms among the main caregivers with or without mental history(P<0.05).The difference of SCL-90 of main caregivers was statistically significant in each symptom factor and total average score(P<0.05).There were significant differences in symptom factors and total mean score of SCL-90 among primary caregivers with different degrees of illness(P<0.05).There were significant differences in symptom factors and total average score of SCL-90 among primary caregivers with different care reasons(P<0.05).There were significant differences in symptom factors and total average score of SCL-90 among the main caregivers in different poison types(P<0.05).3.Pearson correlation analysis showed that:the total score of SCL-90 and social support,objective support,subjective support and utilization of support were,-0.33,-0.30,-0.34,-0.17.The R values of SCL-90 and psychoelastic,tenacity,strength and optimism were-0.51,-0.48,-0.52,-0.45.4.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that patients’ condition(X1)B=19.45,strength dimension(X2)B=-0.86,reasons for taking care of patients(X3)B=-5.19,objective support(X4)B=-3.04,only child(X5)B=-7.90,self-care(X6)B=10.10,understanding patients’ condition(X7)B=12.57 entered the regression equation.The R2 value of this study is 0.709,and 70.9%of the psychological status of the main caregivers can be explained by the following factors:Y=117.02+19.45 Xi-0.86 X2-5.19 X3-3.04 X4-7.90X5+10.10 X6+12.57 X7.5.The anxiety score of main caregivers on the day of admission was 50.22 ± 10.22,depression score was 20.20±10.62 Among them,anxiety accounnted for 44.3%(102cases)and depression 28.3%(65 cases),After the intervention of prospective psychological counseling and individualized education,the anxiety score of the main caregivers was 42.44±10.04 on the 8th day after admission,and the depression score was15.03±9.33,anxiety accounted for 22.6%(52 cases),depression accounted for 17.8%(41 cases),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were significant differences in symptom factors and total average score of SCL-90 among the main caregivers before and after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.The symptom factors and total average score of SCL-90 of the main caregivers of poisoning patients were significantly higher than those of Chinese healthy adults.It shows that the psychological status of the main caregivers is poor,which should be paid enough attention to.2.The factors influencing the psychological status of the main caregivers of patients taking drugs:age,education level,economic status,only child or not,patient’s condition degree,care time,care days,whether the patient has mental history in the past,whether the patient can take care of himself,whether he knows the patient’s condition,care reasons,poison type.Individualized guidance and education are carried out according to different influencing factors.3.The level of social support and resilience of the main caregivers of drug users were lower than the Chinese norm.The total score of SCL-90 of primary caregivers was negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension of social support and the total score and each dimension of psychological resilience.If the main caregivers have higher social support and psychological resilience,the better their psychological status will be.In clinical work,various ways and means are applied to improve the social support and psychological resilience of the main caregivers,and improve their psychological status.4.The main factors that affect the psychological status of the main caregivers of the patients:the patient’s condition,strength dimension,the reasons for taking care of the patients,objective support,whether they are the only child,whether the patients can take care of themselves,whether they understand the patient’s condition.By increasing objective support and strength dimension,strengthening education and guidance,the main caregivers can fully understand the treatment,nursing and condition of patients,reduce the burden of care,reduce psychological pressure and improve psychological status.5.After the intervention,the psychological status of the main caregivers of the drug taking patients has been significantly improved,which proves the effectiveness of the intervention measures and provides the basis for the formation of a standardized department work system. |
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