Research On Modern Guangxi Mission Hospitals

Mission hospital in modern China appeared after the Opium War,it rose in the late 19 th century early 20 th century,it was created by the missionary doctors in China to achieve the purpose of the "medical missionary",the intent is to promote the development of Christian Gospel enterprise in China by the aid of mission hospital.In fact,it has played an important role in promoting the development of modern Chinese medical and health undertakings.Mission hospitals were very important in introducing western medicine,training medical professionals and promoting the emergence of western hospital system.It gradually changed people’s original medical concepts and cognition of western medicine,and it also made China’s modern medical system move toward the process of "modernization".In other words,the mission hospital was like a bridge of communication between China and the West in modern times,linking missionary doctors with the public,traditional medical treatment with "modern" medical treatment together.In the process of contact and collision between Chinese and Western cultures,the two sides gradually recognize and accept each other.Because of the dual nature of mission hospital in doing missionary and medical service,mission hospital can be thinking of as a special existence in modern Chinese society,which has an important impact on modern Chinese society objectively,and it has also become a micro perspective to explore the social changes in modern China.In the middle and late 19 th century,the missionaries who went into Guangxi began to carry out missionary activities by giving medical treatment and medicine.On the basis of missionary doctors practicing medicine and opening western medicine clinics and pharmacies,mission hospitals appeared in Beihai,Nanning,Wuzhou and Guilin around the 20 th century.From the individual practice of missionary doctors to the emergence and development of mission hospitals in modern Guangxi,it appeared a dynamic interactive process with the local society.Missionary doctors promote the development of medical missionary activities in China,its essence is to achieve the purpose of the mission,because the mission hospital has both religious and medical characteristics,on the one hand,the mission hospital of Guangxi involved in disease diagnosis and treatment,charity and public health services,to introduced the western medicine in Guangxi,in that time,it gradually changed people’s perception of missionaries,mission hospital and western medicine;On the other hand,the multiple aspects of mission hospital themselves and under the influence of social environment changes in Guangxi in modern times,the development of mission hospitals in Guangxi has gone through many many hardships.In a word,the mission hospitals used to witness the development and changes of Guangxi society in modern times,and it also became an important intermediary to know and understand the history of Guangxi.The mission hospitals appeared and developed in modern Guangxi,it not only occupies a very important position in the study of medical history in Guangxi,but also has a certain research significance for thinking about the Studies of Region Social History and the Study of History of Sino-foreign Cultural Exchanges.The article is divided into three parts.In the first part,the introduction introduces the origin,purpose and significance of this study,summarizes the relevant research results at our own country and abroad,and also summarizes the research methods,innovations,shortcomings,and research data sources of this study.The second part is the main content of the article,which is divided into five chapters.The first chapter summarizes the process of the introduction of western religion and western medicine coming into Guangxi,thinking about the relationship between the development of missionary movement in western countries and the signing of unequal treaties when the missionary’s entry into Guangxi,and expounds the appearing of medical missionary activities in early modern Guangxi and the distribution of medical institutions(clinics,pharmacies,hospitals).The second chapter,based on the social and historical environment of Guangxi in the changing during the end 19 th and first20 th century,to analyze the local medical conditions of Guangxi,to summarize the establishment of several important mission hospitals in the history of Guangxi in modern times,thinking about the interaction between mission hospitals and local society in Guangxi at the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century.The third chapter,starting from the social environment of Guangxi during the Anti-Japanese War,pondered the situation and choice of the wartime mission hospitals,the medical treatment and charity relief activities of the wartime mission hospitals,and briefly to describe the reconstruction of the post-war mission hospitals in Guangxi.The fourth chapter to describe and reflect on the influence of mission hospitals on the development of medical and health undertakings in modern Guangxi.The medical activities of mission hospitals established the rudiments of the medical system of western medicine and trained a group of medical and medical talents in western medicine.The appearing existing of mission hospitals also promoted the development of public health undertakings in Guangxi.The fifth chapter,from the perspective of the public,pondered the change of the public’s cognition of mission hospitals,and study and explored the interactive process between mission hospitals and the local society in modern Guangxi.The last part is the conclusion of the paper.