Effect Of Mulch And Nitrogen Application On Soil Fertilizer And Yield And Quality Of Corn Root Layer In Northern Shaanxi

Corn is grown in much larger areas around the world than other food crops combined.It is the largest grain crop in China,which belongs to dryland crop,but its demand and demand for water are relatively high.Because water and nitrogen are the most sensitive factors affecting corn growth and development and yield,farmers often apply nitrogen fertilizer in the corn production process to obtain high yield,but the amount of nitrogen fertilizer needs to be reasonable,otherwise it may lead to a decrease in corn yield due to unreasonable fertilization,and soil moisture and nutrients complement each other,act together in the field,in order to obtain high yield.Therefore,in the corn-producing areas of northern Shaanxi Province in 2018-2019,through the samples of plants and root soil collected during each fertility period of corn at different nitrogen and mulch levels as experimental materials,the resulting corn yield,quality and soil moisture,nutrient indicators based on data,research the correlation between corn yield,quality and soil moisture and nutrients in northern Shaanxi region,and further explore its optimal scheme.In this experiment,two factors（1 mulch 5 nitrogen fertilizer application）and three repeated tests were carried out according to the design of the completely random group,and the application of five nitrogen fertilizer was evaluated:0 kg.hm^-2（N0）;80 kg·hm^-2（N80）;160kg·hm^-2（N160）;240 kg.hm^-2（N240）and 360 kg.hm^-2（N360）.The five nitrogen fertilizer applications refer to the nitrogen fertilizer applications studied in previous experiments in the region.The results show that:（1）Throughout the test,there was no significant change in growth indicators under each treatment except T5 treatment.And the mulch and reasonable fertilization amount also have a significant impact on the quality of corn,it can be seen that the increase of mulch and nitrogen application on corn soluble sugar and starch content have a catalytic effect,and T5 treatment has the maximum value,but in the application of nitrogen amount reached or exceeded 240 kg hm^-2 when the content of both have a significant decrease.（2）There is also a very obvious difference between moisture and nutrients in the soil of the corn root layer,it can be seen that the moisture content of the soil of the corn root layer is released at T5 treatment in different years and periods,and the moisture content of each treatment is more than 50-70 cm at the maximum value;In addition to p H and nitrous nitrogen content,the rest of the physical and chemical indicators are higher than the upper soil content,p H and nitrous nitrogen content in the seedling and grouting period is more concentrated in the upper soil,and in the maturation period is more concentrated in the lower soil.（3）The correlation analysis of the soil indexes and yield and quality shows that corn starch content is positively correlated with soil p H,alkali nitrogen solution,effective phosphorus,organic matter and water content,and negatively correlated with conductivity,ammonium nitrogen,nitrous nitrogen and quick-acting potassium content.The soluble sugar content of corn was positively correlated with the soil moisture content,ammonium nitrogen,effective phosphorus and organic matter content,and negatively correlated with p H,conductivity,alkali nitrogen solution,quick-acting potassium and nitrous nitrogen content.Corn yield was positively correlated with soil p H,water content and organic matter,and negatively correlated with conductivity,ammonium nitrogen,alkali nitrogen solution,quick-acting potassium,effective phosphorus and nitrous nitrogen content.