Investigation On The Infection Of Endoparasites/Ectoparasites And The Formulation Of Deinsection In Przewalski’s Horses In Xinjiang

Przewalski’s horses are native to the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang,China and the Kobdo Basin in Mongolia.Now there are more than 1,400 wild horses in the world.Wild horse breeding base,vigorously breed Przewalski’s horses.At present,common infectious diseases of Przewalski’s horses are gradually controlled,but parasitic diseases have always been an important hidden danger affecting the reproduction and growth of Przewalski’s horses,causing horses anemia,weight loss,and poor growth and development of foals Such hazards have seriously affected the reproduction and growth of Przewalski’s horses.This experiment investigated the types of Przewalski’s horses infected with internal and external parasites and their different levels of infection according to the season,and aimed at the specific infection situation of the Przewalski’s horses and the past of the Przewalski Center.Przewalski’s deworming experience has formulated a set of deworming programs So as to promote the deworming work of Przewalski’s Mustang to be carried out effectively and the horses to develop healthily.to provide reference for the deworming work of Przewalski’s horses.(Ⅰ)In this experiment,from September 2018 to August 2019,60 samples of Przewalski’s horse feces were collected every month.The infection rate and degree of infection of common parasites in the body were analyzed by the method of floating eggs in saturated saline and the method of counting eggs;using deworming drugs to evaluate the effect of deworming,and formulating a deworming plan for Przewalski’s horse based on the test data.The results showed that common gastrointestinal parasites in Przewalski’s horses include ParaAscaris equine,Capillaria,Tridentia tenuifolia,Strongyloides equine,and Stomach larvae.The annual average infection rates were 59.2%,40%,and 45%,respectively,14.4%and 9.2%;among them,Przewalski’s horse had the highest infection rate of digestive tract parasites in December.The infection rates of Paracarina equine,Capillaria,Equine strongyloides,Tridentia tenuifolia,and Stomach larvae were 58.4%,respectively 43.5%,44%,18.7%and 15.3%;After deworming,the infection rates of Ascaris parascaris,Strongyloides equi,capillary nematodes,tridentate nematodes and maggots decreased to 16.7%,10%,20%,1.7%and 0%,respectively.After deworming,the infection rates of five digestive tract parasites decreased significantly.The infection rate was gradually increasing(the infection rate reached 45.3%in August),so it is recommended to carry out deworming more than twice a year.Captive Przewalski’s Mustang has digestive tract nematode infection all the year round,so prevention should be strengthened.Through one-year follow-up investigation,it was found that Ascaris parascaris,capillary nematode,tridentate nematode,Strongyloides equi and equine stomach maggots were common parasitic pathogens,and according to the enclosure conditions and feeding methods of the Przewalski’s Mustang breeding Center,the key points of prevention and control and deworming suggestions were analyzed and put forward in order to facilitate the healthy development of Przewalski’s Mustang.(Ⅱ)Ixodes is a kind of blood-sucking arthropods.58 blood-sucking ticks were collected from the body surface of Mustang.Morphological and molecular biological identification methods and phylogenetic tree analysis were used to identify and classify ticks and determine their species and genus relations.The results showed that the morphological identification results of 58 ticks were Hyalomma ticks,and the morphology was not specific.The COI gene was amplified by PCR,and the target gene fragment was 709 bp.The sequencing results were identified as Hyalomma anatolicum;by BLAST comparison.The results showed that the homology was 99.4%with Hyalomma anatolicum recorded in the gene bank.It is suggested that places for captive breeding of Przewalski’s Mustang and field activities should pay attention to prevent the invasion,harassment and transmission of tick-borne diseases by blood-sucking arthropods-hard ticks,especially Hyalomma anatolicum.