Structural And Phylogenetic Analyses Of The Complete Chloroplast Genomes Of Four Species Within The Genus Panax Linn.

To obtain the structural characteristics of chloroplast genome in genus Panax Linn.In this study,the complete chloroplast genome of P.japonicus var.major,P.japonicus var.bipinnatifidus,P.notoginseng and P.ginseng was sequenced based on the secondgeneration sequencing technology.Bioinformatics software was used to assemble and annotate the chloroplast genome of P.japonicus var.major.In addition,we downloaded the complete chloroplast genome sequences of P.japonicus,P.stipuleanatus,P.zingiberensi,P.quinquefolius,P.vietnamensis,P.trifolius and Eleutherococcus gracilistylus.We used the following eleven partitions datasets toconduct a maximum likelihood(ML)tree.As the results,the complete chloroplast genome ranged from 155993 to 156 359 bp base pairs(bp)in size,including two inverted repeat(IR,25 887 to 26109 bp)regions separated by one large singe copy region(LSC,86 103 to 86 322 bp)and one small singe copy region(SSC,17 935 to 18 191 bp).The genome encoded 116 were unique,including 80 protein-coding genes(PCGs),31 t RNA genes and 4 r RNA genes.The overall GC content of P.L.was 38.0 to 38.1%.The phylogenetic trees based on IR,SSC and CDS data set showed that the gene rearrangement have not happened among the herbs in genus Panax.What’s more,compared with P.japonicas and P.japonicus var.bipinnatifidus,P.japonicus var.major had a tighter relationship with P.zingiberensis and P.vietnamensis.Thus,it should be set apart from the species P.japonicas,and regarded as a independent species in genus Panax.The results will provide effective molecular information for further studies on evaluation of germplasm and molecular phylogeny of genus Panax.