Study On The Prevalence Of Poor Eyesight Among 4881adolescents And Its Correlates In Jilin Province

Poor eyesight is one of the main factors that harm adolescent’s visual acuity.In particular,the prevalence of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students has continued to rise in recent decades,which has caused harm to the visual acuity as well as physical and mental health.The mechanisms underlying the development of visual acuity are not clear,but clinical observations and epidemiological research have shown genetic and environmental factors are associated with poor eyesight.Under the circumstances where the genetic factors of poor vision cannot be changed,taking environmental measures is the main way to prevent and control students’ poor eyesight.Purpose:We aim to investigate the prevalence of subnormal visual acuity and its correlates among adolescents in Jilin Province.It is important to improve the physical fitness of adolescents by raising the vision level and strengthen the management of school health work.Method:It was a cross-sectional study investigating the prevalence of subnormal visual acuity in 12-18 year-old school students in Jilin province.With a stratified-randomly sampling method,selected 3 cities which were divided into three strata namely developed city,developing city,and undeveloped city according to the economic indicator of GDP from Jilin province.Each city selected one urban which randomly selected 4 schools(2 junior high schools and 2 high schools)and one rural area which randomly selected 3 schools(2 junior high schools and 1 high school).80 students were selected from each grade,at least 240 students in each school.Parents or guardians have consented,students participated in physical examination and did self-report questionnaires by pen-pencil.Epidata was used to input data.SPSS 24.0 was used for statistical analysis.The prevalence of visual impairment and the possible influencing factors were analyzed.Results:(1)There were 4881 students in this survey,including 2828 junior high school students and 2053 high school students.There were 2311 male students accounting for 47.3% and 2570 female students accounting for 52.7% of the total number.There were 2541 students in the urban accounting for 52.1% and 2340 students in rural accounting for 47.9% of the total number of people.(2)The prevalence of poor vision was significant different among students from different schools,gender,and places of residence.The prevalence of poor vision for junior high school students was 64.4% and the prevalence of poor vision for high school students was 80.1%.The prevalence of poor vision for female was 76.3%,the prevalence of poor vision of male was 65.1%.The prevalence of poor vision of urban students was 81.9%,the prevalence of poor vision of rural students was 59.2%.The prevalence of mild visual impairment is 4.8%,and moderate vision was 16.4%,and the detection rate of severe visual acuity was 48.8%.(3)The prevalence of poor eyesight of students in Jilin Province had gradually increased with increasing age.The minimum prevalence of 12 years old was 53.3%,and the highest prevalence of 18 years old was 88.1%.The prevalence of poor vision in male and female had been increasing with age.At the same age,the prevalence of poor vision in female had always been higher than that in male.The prevalence of poor vision in urban and rural classmates had been increasing with age,and the prevalence of poor vision in urban areas is higher than that in rural at the same age.(4)Univariate analysis found that city,residence,gender,grade,whether living in school,drinking,night sleep duration time,overweight and obese,malnourished,eating fresh fruits,eating vegetables,high-intensity exercise frequency,class lights in the past week,class seats regularly changed,the school regularly changed the seatheight according to height,doing eye exercises a few times a day,average homework time after school every day,participating in various tutorial classes time,whether parents reducing exercise time in order to increase learning time,whether the chest is more than one punch away from the edge of the table in reading and writing postures,whether the eyes are more than one foot from the book,whether the fingers are one inch from the tip of the pen,and whether teachers and parents remind reading and writing postures Incorrect,whether to read a book or electronic screen in direct sunlight,whether to turn off the light when looking at the electronic screen after dark,whether to read the book or electronic screen lying down or lying down,whether to read the book or electronic screen while walking or riding,after reading at night What light is used,eyes more than 66 cm away from the computer screen,eye distance from the TV screen exceeding 300 cm,whether students can use mobile electronic devices,how much time they spend watching TV on average per day,how much time they spend on computer per day,how often to rest their eyes at close intervals between eyes,and eyesight in the past year The number of examinations,the time of outdoor activities during the day,and whether parents were myopic were statistically significant for middle school students with poor vision(P<0.05).(5)The results of multivariate analysis showed that frequency of eating vegetables every day,sleeping time at night,whether the school regularly adjusting tables and chairs according to height requirements,doing eye exercises a few times a day,the average time to participate in tutorial classes in various subjects,in order to have more time to do homework,whether parents reducing exercise time,one punch from chest to table,one eye from book to book,whether the teacher reminding you that reading and writing posture is incorrect,whether parents reminding you to read and write posture incorrectly,eyes are away from TV display whether the screen is more than 300 cm,reading books or electronic screens when walking or by a car,and how often you take a short rest when using the eyes at close range,parents’ myopia were statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion:(1)The prevalence of poor vision in adolescents in Jilin Province is relatively high,and it is significant different among students from different schools,gender,and places of residence.The prevalence of poor vision for female is higher than that for male,and the prevalence of poor vision in urban is higher than that in rural.(2)The prevalence of poor vision of 12-18 year-olds in Jilin Province is increasing with age,so early detection and early intervention are needed.(3)The influencing factors of poor eyesight surveyed by students in Jilin Province may be related to diet,living habits,campus environment,close work,video time and parental myopia.